A pound of gold cannot weigh more than a pound of silver under standard conditions, as a pound is a consistent unit of mass regardless of the material. The discussion highlights the distinction between avoirdupois and troy pounds, with gold typically measured in troy ounces. While the gravitational weight can vary based on location, such as depth within the Earth, this does not change the mass equivalence of one pound. The conversation also touches on the atomic differences between gold and silver, but ultimately concludes that mass remains constant across different materials when measured in the same unit. Speculative scenarios about weight variations on other planets were dismissed as irrelevant to the question.