To solve the cubic equation ax^3 + bx^2 + cx + d = 0 for x, one can use the cubic formula, which involves reducing the equation to a depressed cubic form. This is achieved by substituting x with y - b/(3a), simplifying the equation to y^3 + py + q = 0. The next step is to calculate the discriminant to determine the nature of the roots, followed by using Cardano's method to find the roots. The solutions can be expressed in terms of radicals, depending on the discriminant's value. Understanding these steps is crucial for effectively solving cubic equations.