Current Density and Conductivity and Electric Field

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the current density in Earth's lower atmosphere, where an electric field strength of 140 V/m influences ion drift. The conductivity of the air is established at 2.70 x 10-14 (ohm·m)-1. The correct calculation for current density (J) is confirmed as J = conductivity * E = 2.7 x 10-14 * 140 = 3.78 x 10-12. The user initially miscalculated the drift speed (v) due to confusion regarding the net ion density.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric fields and their units (V/m)
  • Knowledge of current density and its calculation (J = conductivity * E)
  • Familiarity with ion densities and their impact on conductivity
  • Basic grasp of drift velocity and its relation to charge carriers
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the relationship between electric fields and ion drift in atmospheric physics
  • Explore advanced conductivity calculations in varying atmospheric conditions
  • Learn about the implications of ion density on current flow in gases
  • Investigate the effects of cosmic rays and radioactive elements on atmospheric ionization
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on atmospheric science, electrical engineering, and ion transport phenomena.

Oijl
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In the time between posting this and now, I have found my mistake. So, problem solved.

Homework Statement


Earth's lower atmosphere contains negative and positive ions, created by radioactive elements in the soil and cosmic rays from space. In a certain region, the atmospheric electric field strength is 140 V/m and the field is directed vertically down. This field causes singly charged positive ions, at a density of 610 cm^-3, to drift downward and singly charged negative ions, at a density of 550 cm^-3, to drift upward. The measured conductivity of the air in that region is 2.70 multiplied by 10-14 (ohm·m)^-1.

Calculate the magnitude of the current density.

Homework Equations


J = conductivity * E
J = nev
(v here represents the drift speed)

The Attempt at a Solution


I was writing this and lost what I wrote (alas, I was too verbose!), so here's it quick:

J = conductivity * E = 2.7*10^-14 * 140 = 3.78*10^-12 <<------- correct
v = J / ne
Here we have two values for n, one of positive ions and one of negative ions. So I figured I could write:
v = J / (e(n1-n2))
where n1 represents the density of the positive ions and n2 of the negative.

I checked my math a whole lot, but I keep coming out with v = 0.393258427 m/s, which is wrong, says www.webassign.com.

So apparently I can't just take the net drift?
 
Last edited:
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That's weird, you're solution looks good to me.
 
Ya, actually, it was correct, I was just putting it in wrong. (So I'm sorry for putting up a question for such a ridiculous reason.) (I'm not being sarcastic, since this is just text and that can be hard to tell sometimes.)

But anyway, the second part of the question is the real thing that's stumping me. And so I changed the first post.
 

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