DC Brushless Motor Rotor Steps: 4 Poles North/South?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the characteristics and operation of a 3-phase DC brushless motor, specifically one sourced from a hard disk drive. Participants explore the relationship between the number of steps felt during manual rotation of the rotor and the number of magnetic poles present in the motor.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Anita questions whether feeling 4 steps per rotation indicates that the motor has 4 poles of north and south.
  • Another participant describes a similar motor's operation, suggesting a sequence of coil activation to achieve rotation, noting that their motor exhibited jerky motion at slow speeds.
  • Bob S introduces the concept of two types of brushless DC motors, one using a Hall effect sensor and the other using induced back EMF, and asks about the wiring configuration (delta or wye) to help determine the motor's characteristics.
  • A participant mentions their experience with a unipolar stepper motor used in hard drives, indicating that it operates at a constant speed.
  • Anita clarifies that her motor has 3 wires and one common, confirming it is Y-connected, and seeks to understand how to determine the number of poles based on the stepping behavior observed.
  • Another participant speculates on the configuration of the poles, suggesting that the motor may have 4 permanent magnets with specific orientations affecting coil attraction.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the motor's configuration and operation, with no consensus reached regarding the number of poles or the implications of the observed stepping behavior.

Contextual Notes

Participants mention various assumptions about the motor's design and operation, including the potential use of Hall effect sensors and the wiring configuration, but these aspects remain unresolved.

anita1984
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Hello Forum,
I have a 3 phases DC brushless motor from a Hard Disk Drive, when energize one coil and turning by hand the rotor i can feel 4 steps per rotation, is this means that this motor has 4 poles of north and south?
Thank you in advance,
Anita
 
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I saw a similar motor in a hard drive.

I couldn't open it but I think it was as in the attached diagram.

If you activated coil 3 it would attract the N pole to the left of it and the disk would rotate counterclockwise. Then activate coil 2 then coil 1. Then activate coil 3 again to attract the next North pole.

I made a switching circuit for it and got it rotating but it was a bit jerky at slow speeds.

Maybe your motor is similar.
 

Attachments

  • HD motor.PNG
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There are two basic types of BLDC (brushless dc motors). One type has a HALL EFFECT sensor that can be used for commutating the dc voltages. The other type uses the induced back emf to commutate the dc voltages. How many wires/terminals come out (not counting ground)? Do you think the coil inputs are wired as a delta or wye (use resistance meas)?
Bob S
 
The one I played with was part of the mechanism that rotated the hard drive platter.

It was DC and brushless, but actually a 3 coil unipolar stepper motor used to rotate the platter at a high but constant speed.
 
hello , it has 3 wires and one common , it's a brushless DC motor Y connected. the questions is how i can know the number of poles ? in this way i can know : when energize one coil and turning by hand the rotor i can feel 4 steps per rotation, is this means that this motor has 2 poles of north and 2 poles of south?
 
Was it part of the turning mechanism for the part of the hard drive that has the data on it?
This is a shiny grey disk. Mine actually had two disks one above the other.

I think mine also had 4 poles and they would be permanent magnets with all their south poles all facing inwards and unused but the north poles facing outwards and being attracted to the 3 coils as they were turned on in order.

It had some screws holding it together but I didn't have anything that would fit the head of the screws to take the mechanism apart.

It seemed to work as in the above diagram, but I wasn't too sure about it. It worked if I fed it like that, so I guess it was close enough. Yet, I am surprised they would have strong magnets so close to the hard drive data.
 

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