Deriving perfect fluid energy tensor from point particles

[mjordan2nd]

Homework Statement

[
For a system of discrete point particles the energy momentum takes the form

$$T_{\mu \nu} = \sum_a \frac{p_\mu^{(a)}p_\nu^{(a)}}{p^{0(a)}} \delta^{(3)}(\vec{x}-\vec{x}^{(a)}),$$

where the index a labels the different particles. Show that, for a dense collection of particles with isotropically distributed velocities, we can smooth over the individual particle worldlines to obtain the perfect-fluid energy-momentum tensor.

Homework Equations

[/B]
Energy-momentum tensor of a perfect fluid:

$$T^{\mu \nu} = (\rho + p)U^\mu U^\nu + p \eta^{\mu \nu}$$.

Here $\rho$ is the rest-frame energy density, p the isotropic rest-frame pressure, and $U$ the four-velocity.

The Attempt at a Solution

I'm not really sure how to approach this problem. I would assume "smooth over" means average, so the only thing I can think of trying is

$$\Delta s = \int \sqrt{\eta_{\mu \nu} \frac{dx^\mu}{d \lambda} \frac{dx^\nu}{d \lambda}} d \! \lambda,$$

$$T_{\mu \nu} = \frac{1}{\Delta s} \int \sum_a \frac{p_\mu^{(a)}p_\nu^{(a)}}{p^{0(a)}} \delta^{(3)}(\vec{x}-\vec{x}^{(a)}) \sqrt{\eta_{\mu \nu} \frac{dx^\mu}{d \lambda} \frac{dx^\nu}{d \lambda}} d \! \lambda,$$

but I'm not sure how to proceed with this integral, or if this is even the right approach. Can someone help me figure out how to approach this problem?

 

[George Keeling]

I don't suppose @mjordan2nd is still worrying about this. But, just in case, I found a solution from ~2012 at https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/21278/discrete-point-particles-stress-energy-tensor. I think it is a bit flakey towards the end and I can put my (slightly less flakey) solution up here if anybody is still interested. (When I edit physics.stackexchange I get rejected!)

 

[jedishrfu]

Go ahead and post your solution and we can go from there.

 

[George Keeling]

Go ahead and post your solution and we can go from there.

There is another thread very like this where I posted my solution:
https://www.physicsforums.com/threa...nsor-from-point-particles.873969/post-6479241
Look forward to hearing from you!
Somebody with the power should close this thread.