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Abstract
“Mathematics is the native language of nature.” is a phrase that is often used when it comes to explaining why mathematics is all around in natural sciences, especially in physics. What does that mean? A closer look shows us that it primarily means that we describe nature by differential equations, a lot of differential equations. There are so many that it would take an entire encyclopedia to gather all of them in one book. The following article is intended to take the reader through this maze along with examples, many pictures, a little bit of history, and the theorem about the existence and uniqueness of solutions: the theorem of Picard-Lindelöf.
A Glimpse of Our Descriptions of the World
It all began with Isaac Newton in 1687, or if we are picky, with Gottfried Leibniz during his stay in Paris 1672-1676 [34]. The reference to Paris is more than a side note since it will be especially French mathematicians who will develop the field of analysis in the following centuries...
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