Displacement of Underdamped Oscillation: Maximum and Minimum Occurrence?

  • Thread starter Thread starter end3r7
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Oscillation
Click For Summary
The discussion focuses on demonstrating that local maxima or minima in the displacement of an underdamped oscillation do not occur at the midpoint between the times the mass crosses its equilibrium point. The equations provided describe the displacement and the conditions for maximum and minimum values in relation to the angular frequency. The user attempts to relate the timing of these extrema to the equilibrium crossings but expresses confusion about their calculations. Additionally, there is a request for clarification on estimating parameters like damping coefficient, mass, and spring constant from a general equation. The conversation highlights the complexities of understanding underdamped oscillations and the need for clearer interpretation of the problem.
end3r7
Messages
168
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


Show that the local maximum or minimum for the displacement of an underdamped oscillation does not occur halfway between the times at which the mass passes its equilibrium point.

Homework Equations


x = e^{-\frac{ct}{2m}}(A cos(wt) + B sin(wt))
x = K e^{-\frac{ct}{2m}} sin(wt + P)

T = \frac{2\pi}{w}

w = angular frequency = \frac{\sqrt{4mk - c^2}}{2m}
Because the system is underdamped, 4mk > c^2

T = period

The Attempt at a Solution


I said sin(wt + P) attains its maximum when wt + P = (4k + 1)\frac{\pi}{2} and min when wt + P = (2k + 1)\frac{\pi}{2}
Likewise, it crosses the equilibrium when wt + P = k\pi.

Thus the period for a pass by equilibrium is simply \frac{pi}{w}

So I did k\pi + \frac{\pi}{2w} = (2k + \frac{1}{w})\frac{\pi}{2}
But this does cross a min if w = 1... where did I go wrong?
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
I also have a follow up question. Given a general equation, how do I estimate the parameters c, m, k
 
Sorry for bumping this, but I'm actually not even sure if I understand the question fully. If anyone could at least tell me whether I'm correctly interpreting the question...
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

Similar threads

Replies
31
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
922
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
Replies
7
Views
1K
Replies
17
Views
3K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
1K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
4K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K