A dynamical system is a mathematical model used to describe the behavior of a system over time. It consists of a set of variables that evolve according to a set of rules or equations.
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the relationships between heat, energy, and work. It studies how energy is transferred and transformed between different forms in physical systems.
Dynamical systems provide a framework for studying the behavior of thermodynamic systems. The equations and rules that govern the evolution of a dynamical system can be used to model and analyze the changes in energy and heat flow within a thermodynamic system.
An equilibrium system is one in which all the variables are constant and do not change over time. Non-equilibrium systems, on the other hand, are constantly changing and evolving. They are often described by dynamical systems and can exhibit complex behavior.
Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. In thermodynamics, it is related to the amount of energy that is unavailable for doing work. In dynamical systems, entropy is often used as a measure of the complexity or unpredictability of a system's behavior.