Dynamics of charged particles and quantum effects

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the applicability of classical physics in analyzing the motion of electrons in devices like Cathode Ray Oscilloscopes and cyclotrons, despite the known limitations of classical mechanics at atomic scales. It is established that classical equations, such as F=qE leading to ma=qE, yield accurate results in laboratory settings due to minimal electron-electron correlations and negligible wavefunction overlap. Numerical codes like PARMELA and PIC, which track particle dynamics in accelerators, rely on classical mechanics, demonstrating the effectiveness of classical E&M in these scenarios.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of classical mechanics principles, particularly Newton's laws.
  • Familiarity with electromagnetic theory, specifically the force on charged particles (F=qE).
  • Basic knowledge of quantum mechanics, including the uncertainty principle.
  • Experience with numerical simulation tools for particle dynamics, such as PARMELA and PIC.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the role of space-charge effects in charged particle dynamics.
  • Explore the limitations of classical mechanics in quantum systems.
  • Learn about the implementation and functionality of numerical codes like PARMELA and PIC.
  • Investigate the principles of charged beam dynamics in particle accelerators.
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, electrical engineers, and students in advanced physics courses focusing on particle dynamics and the interplay between classical and quantum mechanics.

manofphysics
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Why do we not consider quantum effects when we deal with motion of electrons in a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope, or in a cyclotron?
We derive various relations using classical physics which turn out to be quite accurate in the laboratory.How is this possible when it is expressly known that classical physics fails when analyzing the motion of isolated particles of atomic size like elctrons?
[ for eg. F=qE => ma=qE and thus accn. of the chargedparticle is found.This should NOT work in case of an electron due to unceratinity principle]
 
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manofphysics said:
Why do we not consider quantum effects when we deal with motion of electrons in a Cathode Ray Oscilloscope, or in a cyclotron?
We derive various relations using classical physics which turn out to be quite accurate in the laboratory.How is this possible when it is expressly known that classical physics fails when analyzing the motion of isolated particles of atomic size like elctrons?
[ for eg. F=qE => ma=qE and thus accn. of the chargedparticle is found.This should NOT work in case of an electron due to unceratinity principle]

Other than space-charge effects, there are no electron-electron correlations involved in such a situation (meaning, no significant wavefunction overlap, etc).

While you certainly CAN evoke QM formalism (if you're a glutton for punishment), you can get practically all the relevant effects simply via classical equations. In fact, classical E&M work pretty darn well under such circumstances. One only needs to look at the description for charged beam dynamics in particle accelerators. Numerical codes being used to track particles in a particle accelerator, such as PARMELA, PIC, etc. are all based on classical mechanics.

Zz.
 
Thanks a lot, Zz.
 

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