Electric charge is a fundamental physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field. It is measured in units of coulombs (C) and can be either positive or negative.
Electric charge is created by the movement of electrons, which are negatively charged particles, from one atom to another. This can happen through processes such as friction, conduction, and induction.
The two types of electric charge are positive and negative. Like charges repel each other, while opposite charges attract each other.
An electric field is a region in space where an electrically charged particle experiences a force. It is created by electric charges and can be represented by electric field lines, which point in the direction of the force on a positive charge.
The strength of an electric field decreases as distance from the source charge increases. This relationship is described by the inverse square law, which states that the strength of the electric field is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source charge.