Electric field problem using Gauss' law: Point charge moving near a line charge

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the launch velocity of a point charge in the vicinity of a line charge using Gauss' law. The point charge, with a mass of 0.1 kg and a charge of -2 µC, is influenced by a line charge with a linear charge density of 4 µC/m. The derived acceleration is 0.35950 m/s², leading to a calculated launch velocity of approximately 1.20 m/s. The participants highlight the importance of considering the trajectory of the charge rather than assuming constant linear acceleration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Gauss' law and electric fields
  • Familiarity with kinematic equations, specifically v² = u² + 2as
  • Knowledge of linear charge density and its effects on electric fields
  • Basic principles of electrostatics, including forces on charges
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the concept of electric fields due to point charges and line charges
  • Study the trajectory of charged particles in electric fields
  • Learn about the application of kinematic equations in non-linear motion
  • Investigate advanced topics in electrostatics, such as potential energy in electric fields
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in physics, particularly those focusing on electromagnetism and electrostatics, as well as anyone solving problems involving charged particles in electric fields.

wcjy
Messages
73
Reaction score
10
Homework Statement
Consider a long line of charge with linear charge density λ = 4 µC/m and a point charge q= −2 µC with mass m = 0.1 kg at coordinate (2,0) at t = 0. The point charge is launched straight into the plane of the paper. What is the launch velocity so that the point charge will reach coordinate (−2,0)?
Relevant Equations
Electric field due to long line of charge, E = λ/(2pi*r*ε0)
Electric field due to point charge, E = Q/(4*pi*ε0*r^2)
V^2 = U^2 +2as
F=qE
F = qE
ma = (2*10^-6) * (λ / (2pi*r*ε0) )
ma = (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) => I am not certain what to put for r ( But I sub in 4 because dist is 4)
a = ( (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) )/ 0.1
a = 0.35950

v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s
v = 0
u^2 = -2 a s => Can't sqrt negative so i just removed
u = sqrt( 2 * 0.35950 * 4)
u = 1.6959Answer: 1.20m/s
 

Attachments

  • Screenshot 2020-09-25 122345.png
    Screenshot 2020-09-25 122345.png
    18.5 KB · Views: 200
Physics news on Phys.org
wcjy said:
Homework Statement:: Consider a long line of charge with linear charge density λ = 4 µC/m and a point charge q= −2 µC with mass m = 0.1 kg at coordinate (2,0) at t = 0. The point charge is launched straight into the plane of the paper. What is the launch velocity so that the point charge will reach coordinate (−2,0)?
Relevant Equations:: Electric field due to long line of charge, E = λ/(2pi*r*ε0)
Electric field due to point charge, E = Q/(4*pi*ε0*r^2)
V^2 = U^2 +2as
F=qE

F = qE
ma = (2*10^-6) * (λ / (2pi*r*ε0) )
ma = (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) => I am not certain what to put for r ( But I sub in 4 because dist is 4)
a = ( (2*10^-6) * (4*10^-6 / (2pi*4*ε0) ) )/ 0.1
a = 0.35950

v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s
v = 0
u^2 = -2 a s => Can't sqrt negative so i just removed
u = sqrt( 2 * 0.35950 * 4)
u = 1.6959Answer: 1.20m/s
The problem states that the charge is launned straight into the plane of the paper. It does mot travel along a straight line with comstant linear acceleration, you can not use the equation v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s. What is the trajectory of the charge?
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: wcjy
ehild said:
The problem states that the charge is launned straight into the plane of the paper. It does mot travel along a straight line with comstant linear acceleration, you can not use the equation v^2 = U^2 + 2 a s. What is the trajectory of the charge?

solved it already thx
 
Last edited:

Similar threads

Replies
6
Views
1K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
1K
  • · Replies 22 ·
Replies
22
Views
3K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
3K
Replies
23
Views
4K
Replies
11
Views
1K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
9
Views
830
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K