Energy conservation of a rod in free space

AI Thread Summary
Applying an impulse to a rod in free space affects its energy differently depending on the point of application. When the impulse is applied at the center of mass, the rod gains only translational energy, while an off-center application results in both translational and rotational energy. The key factor is that the energy transferred is related to the distance the point of application moves during the impulse, not just the force and time. This distinction clarifies the confusion regarding energy conservation in the two scenarios. Understanding these principles resolves the initial uncertainty about energy distribution in the rod.
Volkr16
Messages
2
Reaction score
0
Hey everyone,

A meager pea brain (me) is in need of some help from you fine physics gentlemen.
This is a concept I've spend a lot of time pondering on (more than I would like to admit).

Imagine a rod of uniform density in free space. If you apply impulse onto the center of mass then it will gain an energy (transverse) of E=1/2mv^2. If you apply an impulse off the center of mass then it will gain an energy of E=1/2mv^2+1/2Iw^2 (transverse+rotational).

Here is what I think I know: Let's assume that this rod gets hit perpendicular to it's length. No matter where it gets hit, the center of mass will have equal transverse motion for equal impulse applied. In other words Ft=mv for center of mass

So let's assume two scenarios, one where the impulse is applied off the center of mass and one where it is on the center of mass. Make the impulse be so, that the velocity of the center of mass will be the same in both cases (From what i stated before i should be able to use the same impulse anywhere on the rod).

My problem lies in the conservation of energy: I know if the impulse is applied off center i will have rotational energy, but i also know that I will have the same translational energy no matter where the rod get hit (perpendicular on the length). Something isn't right here.

Surely my "what i think i know" must be wrong. Could someone please elaborate why?

Thanks in advance,

Volker
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The same impulse means applying a given force for a given time. Depending on where you apply the force, the distance that the point of application travels during that time will be different - and the energy transferred to the rod is equal to the force times the distance, not the force times the time.
 
Thanks guys, that cleared it up. I searched a lot before posting this, but didn't find that thread - sorry
 
I have recently been really interested in the derivation of Hamiltons Principle. On my research I found that with the term ##m \cdot \frac{d}{dt} (\frac{dr}{dt} \cdot \delta r) = 0## (1) one may derivate ##\delta \int (T - V) dt = 0## (2). The derivation itself I understood quiet good, but what I don't understand is where the equation (1) came from, because in my research it was just given and not derived from anywhere. Does anybody know where (1) comes from or why from it the...
Back
Top