Evaluating Contour Integral using Residue Theorem

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion focuses on evaluating the integral ##\int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{\sqrt{x}}{x^3 + 1} dx## using contour integration techniques. Participants discuss the identification of poles in the complex plane, specifically at ##z = e^{-i\frac{\pi}{3}}##, ##z = -1##, and ##z = e^{i\frac{\pi}{3}}##, and the necessity of considering the upper half of a semi-circle contour. The correct evaluation of the integral leads to the result of ##\frac{\pi}{3}##, with suggestions to use a keyhole contour around the branch cut on the negative real axis for accurate residue calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Complex analysis fundamentals, including contour integration
  • Understanding of residues and poles in complex functions
  • Knowledge of branch cuts and their implications in integration
  • Familiarity with the square root function in the complex plane
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  • Learn about keyhole contours and their use in integrals with branch cuts
  • Explore the implications of singularities in complex integrals
  • Practice evaluating integrals involving multi-valued functions like the square root
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Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those specializing in complex analysis, as well as anyone looking to deepen their understanding of contour integration techniques and residue calculations.

  • #31
No-one seems to like my approach, but I shall persist anyway.:shy:
##I_1 = \int_{r=0}^\infty f(r).dr##
##I_2 = \lim_{R→\infty} \int_{\theta=0}^{2\pi/3} f(R e^{i\theta}).dR e^{i\theta} = 0##
##I_3 = \int_{r=\infty}^0 f(r e^{2\pi i/3}).d(r e^{2\pi i/3}) = \int_{r=\infty}^0 \frac{(r e^{2\pi i/3})^{\frac 1 2}}{1+(r e^{2\pi i/3})^3}e^{2\pi i/3}.dr= -\int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r e^{\pi i/3}e^{2\pi i/3}}{1+r^3}.dr = \int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r }{1+r^3}.dr = I_1##
Since the residue at the only pole inside the contour is -i/3, 2 I1 = I1+I2 + I3 = 2πi * (-i/3), so I1 = π/3.
 
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  • #32
haruspex said:
No-one seems to like my approach, but I shall persist anyway.:shy:
##I_1 = \int_{r=0}^\infty f(r).dr##
##I_2 = \lim_{R→\infty} \int_{\theta=0}^{2\pi/3} f(R e^{i\theta}).dR e^{i\theta} = 0##
##I_3 = \int_{r=\infty}^0 f(r e^{2\pi i/3}).d(r e^{2\pi i/3}) = \int_{r=\infty}^0 \frac{(r e^{2\pi i/3})^{\frac 1 2}}{1+(r e^{2\pi i/3})^3}e^{2\pi i/3}.dr= -\int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r e^{\pi i/3}e^{2\pi i/3}}{1+r^3}.dr = \int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r }{1+r^3}.dr = I_1##
Since the residue at the only pole inside the contour is -i/3, 2 I1 = I1+I2 + I3 = 2πi * (-i/3), so I1 = π/3.

It's an easier, simpler approach haruspex than what I initially came up with (the keyhole contour). Good though to see it solved several ways. That comes in handy too later on with other more difficult problems. :)
 

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