Evaluating Contour Integral using Residue Theorem

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The discussion focuses on evaluating the integral ∫₀^∞ (√x)/(x³ + 1) dx using contour integration. Participants suggest considering a semi-circular contour in the complex plane, specifically addressing the placement of poles and the need to adjust for the integral's definition over the positive real axis. A key point raised is the importance of handling the branch cut associated with the square root function and ensuring that the contour does not pass through singularities. The conversation also touches on alternative methods, such as substitution, to simplify the integral while maintaining the integrity of contour integration techniques. Ultimately, the correct evaluation leads to the result of π/3, emphasizing the nuances of complex analysis in solving real integrals.
  • #31
No-one seems to like my approach, but I shall persist anyway.:shy:
##I_1 = \int_{r=0}^\infty f(r).dr##
##I_2 = \lim_{R→\infty} \int_{\theta=0}^{2\pi/3} f(R e^{i\theta}).dR e^{i\theta} = 0##
##I_3 = \int_{r=\infty}^0 f(r e^{2\pi i/3}).d(r e^{2\pi i/3}) = \int_{r=\infty}^0 \frac{(r e^{2\pi i/3})^{\frac 1 2}}{1+(r e^{2\pi i/3})^3}e^{2\pi i/3}.dr= -\int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r e^{\pi i/3}e^{2\pi i/3}}{1+r^3}.dr = \int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r }{1+r^3}.dr = I_1##
Since the residue at the only pole inside the contour is -i/3, 2 I1 = I1+I2 + I3 = 2πi * (-i/3), so I1 = π/3.
 
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  • #32
haruspex said:
No-one seems to like my approach, but I shall persist anyway.:shy:
##I_1 = \int_{r=0}^\infty f(r).dr##
##I_2 = \lim_{R→\infty} \int_{\theta=0}^{2\pi/3} f(R e^{i\theta}).dR e^{i\theta} = 0##
##I_3 = \int_{r=\infty}^0 f(r e^{2\pi i/3}).d(r e^{2\pi i/3}) = \int_{r=\infty}^0 \frac{(r e^{2\pi i/3})^{\frac 1 2}}{1+(r e^{2\pi i/3})^3}e^{2\pi i/3}.dr= -\int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r e^{\pi i/3}e^{2\pi i/3}}{1+r^3}.dr = \int_{r=0}^\infty \frac{\sqrt r }{1+r^3}.dr = I_1##
Since the residue at the only pole inside the contour is -i/3, 2 I1 = I1+I2 + I3 = 2πi * (-i/3), so I1 = π/3.

It's an easier, simpler approach haruspex than what I initially came up with (the keyhole contour). Good though to see it solved several ways. That comes in handy too later on with other more difficult problems. :)
 

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