How Can an Infinite Universe Expand?

AI Thread Summary
The discussion clarifies how the universe can expand while being infinite, emphasizing that "expansion" refers to the increasing distances between widely separated galaxies rather than a physical increase in size from an external viewpoint. Cosmologists measure this expansion as an average rate of about 1/140 of one percent every million years. The concept of expansion applies equally to infinite and finite entities, as it is a pattern of distance growth observed from within the universe. This explanation addresses a common misconception about the nature of cosmic expansion. Understanding this perspective helps clarify the complexities of cosmological discussions.
LSulayman
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I'm reading a lot of stuff about the expanding universe, and also about it being infinte.
So now I was wondering:
How can the universe expand while it's infinte? (or am I asking something that nobody really know's the answer to?)
 
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LSulayman said:
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How can the universe expand while it's infinite?

You have to understand what the cosmologists who say "expand" mean by that word.

They mean that distances between widely separated galaxies are increasing.

On average the rate of increase is currently about 1/140 of one percent every million years.


They do not mean that you could stand outside the universe and see it get bigger!

They are talking about a pattern of distance-growth seen from inside.

LSulayman said:
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How can the universe expand while it's infinite?

An infinite thing can have that pattern of distance-growth, just as easily as a finite thing.

It is expansion seen from the inside. So the thing does not have to be finite.
 
marcus said:
You have to understand what the cosmologists who say "expand" mean by that word.

They mean that distances between widely separated galaxies are increasing.

On average the rate of increase is currently about 1/140 of one percent every million years.


They do not mean that you could stand outside the universe and see it get bigger!

They are talking about a pattern of distance-growth seen from inside.



An infinite thing can have that pattern of distance-growth, just as easily as a finite thing.

It is expansion seen from the inside. So the thing does not have to be finite.

Thank you! I actually didn't know that, nobody really explains it in all the articles I read.
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology) Was a matter density right after the decoupling low enough to consider the vacuum as the actual vacuum, and not the medium through which the light propagates with the speed lower than ##({\epsilon_0\mu_0})^{-1/2}##? I'm asking this in context of the calculation of the observable universe radius, where the time integral of the inverse of the scale factor is multiplied by the constant speed of light ##c##.
Why was the Hubble constant assumed to be decreasing and slowing down (decelerating) the expansion rate of the Universe, while at the same time Dark Energy is presumably accelerating the expansion? And to thicken the plot. recent news from NASA indicates that the Hubble constant is now increasing. Can you clarify this enigma? Also., if the Hubble constant eventually decreases, why is there a lower limit to its value?
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