Experiment about Discharging Batteries

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around an experiment related to monitoring battery capacity and true electromotive force (emf) during the discharging process at a constant current. Participants explore methods for measuring voltage, the relationship between terminal voltage and true emf, and the effects of discharging on battery performance.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks to monitor the battery's true emf while discharging at a constant current and questions whether the difference in voltage observed in a circuit versus the true emf remains constant.
  • Another participant suggests using a voltmeter to measure the true voltage, asserting that the measured voltage reflects the true voltage delivered at that current.
  • A third participant notes that the original poster (OP) seems to equate "true" emf with the open-terminal voltage and mentions that many prefer using terminal voltage under load for discharge curves.
  • Concerns are raised about the potential impact of interrupting the discharging process on measurements, with one participant mentioning a possible hysteresis effect in open-circuit voltage after disconnecting the load.
  • Discussion includes the idea that early measurements could help determine internal resistance, but acknowledges that internal resistance may vary during discharge and be influenced by temperature.
  • Another participant expresses skepticism about the significance of measurement interruptions, suggesting that any effect might be negligible compared to instrument sensitivity.
  • One participant shares personal experience with automobile batteries, noting a time delay in voltage recovery after load removal and emphasizing the importance of taking measurements while the battery is under load.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the definition of true emf and the best practices for measuring battery voltage during discharge. There is no consensus on the impact of measurement interruptions or the significance of hysteresis effects, indicating ongoing debate and exploration of these topics.

Contextual Notes

Participants acknowledge that the internal resistance of batteries may change during discharge and that measurement accuracy could be affected by the sensitivity of the instruments used. The discussion also highlights the variability in battery behavior depending on the type of battery being tested.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to those conducting experiments on battery performance, researchers in electrical engineering, and individuals exploring the characteristics of different battery types.

johnsmith12345
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Right now I'm doing an experiment for my EE about battery capacity. How would I be able to monitor the battery's true emf while discharging the battery at a constant current?

Also, when I connect the battery in a circuit and discharge it at a constant current, I notice that the voltage across the battery decreases. Since I am discharging at a constant current, will this difference in voltage from when its in a circuit and the true emf be constant?
 
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johnsmith12345 said:
How would I be able to monitor the battery's true emf while discharging the battery at a constant current?
Connect a voltmeter?
Also, when I connect the battery in a circuit and discharge it at a constant current, I notice that the voltage across the battery decreases.
Right.
Since I am discharging at a constant current, will this difference in voltage from when its in a circuit and the true emf be constant?
Which difference? The measured voltage IS the true voltage the battery delivers at that current.
 
Hmm, well, can you interrupt the discharging process for the measurements?
 
That's what I thought - but doesn't the open circuit voltage for a battery take a bit to "relax" after the load is disconnected, like a hysteresis effect ... possibly altering the discharge curve? It would depend on the battery of course...

I also thought that the early measurements could be used to work out the internal resistance and, after that, the open-circuit voltage would just get calculated.
However, the internal resistance may change during discharge - it would certainly be affected by temperature.

If the load resistor was very large compared with the internal resistance, then the loaded voltage would be close to the open-circuit...
 
I would be surprised to see any effect on the scale of a human intervention (~1s), but that would be easy to test.
 
I was thinking that repeatedly switching the circuit may be different enough from a continuous discharge, over the entire discharge time, to affect the shape of the curve - but like you say: easy to test.

We don't know how accurate things are either... any effect could be small compared with the sensitivity of the instruments - especially seeing the battery in question is quite high tech.
 
@ johnsmith

That would be interesting to test. I never tried it with an exotic battery.
Published curves are with battery under load.

Tinkering with automobile batteries, indeed there is a time delay when you release the load. Voltage bounces back to 12.6 in about a minute.

I've seen car batteries that'd indicate 12.6 volts but were too run down to illuminate even the dome lamp.

So i think you should take your data with battery loaded.

Then experiment with the voltage 'bounce' when unloaded from various states of discharge.
 

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