Finding Density of a Planet Using Period of Orbit

In summary, to find the density of the planet, we can use the equation T^2 = (4/3)πr^3/GM and solve for the density by dividing by 3 and factoring out the volume of the sphere. This will give us the density (mass/volume) of the planet with a uniform density.
  • #1
surferdud3
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Homework Statement



A satellite is in a circular orbit very close to the surface of a spherical planet. The period of the orbit is T = 1.78 hours.
What is density (mass/volume) of the planet? Assume that the planet has a uniform density.

Homework Equations



T[tex]^{2}[/tex]=4*PI^2*r^3/G*M
Density = Mass/Volume
Volume of Sphere = 4/3*PI*r^2

The Attempt at a Solution


I converted T into seconds, which I get 6408 seconds,

I have tried to solve for a single variable, but when I put it back into the equation, everything cancels out...

What should I do, I'm just super confused... :(
 
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  • #2
So we have


[tex]T^2=\frac{4\pi^2 r^3}{GM}[/tex]

and we know [itex]V=\frac{4}{3}\pi r^3[/itex]


So if we divide the equation with T2 by 3, can we somehow factor out (4/3)πr3?
 
  • #3


As a scientist, your first step would be to carefully check your calculations and equations to ensure they are accurate. You also need to make sure that all your units are consistent and that you are using the correct values for the constants. Once you have confirmed that your calculations are correct, you can use the equation T^2 = 4π^2r^3/GM to solve for the mass of the planet (M). Then, you can use the formula for density (density = mass/volume) to calculate the density of the planet. Remember to use the formula for the volume of a sphere (4/3πr^3) to calculate the volume of the planet.
 

FAQ: Finding Density of a Planet Using Period of Orbit

What is the formula for finding the density of a planet using its period of orbit?

The formula for finding the density of a planet using its period of orbit is density = (4π²GM)/(T²R³), where G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the planet, T is the period of orbit, and R is the radius of the planet.

What is the significance of using the period of orbit in finding the density of a planet?

The period of orbit is significant because it is directly related to the mass and size of the planet. By measuring the period of orbit and using it in the formula, we can calculate the density of the planet and gain insight into its composition.

How accurate is the method of finding the density of a planet using its period of orbit?

The method of using the period of orbit to find the density of a planet is generally considered to be accurate, but it is not without limitations. Factors such as the planet's shape, rotation, and external forces can impact the accuracy of the measurement.

Can this method be used for all planets in the solar system?

Yes, this method can be used for all planets in the solar system as long as their period of orbit and other necessary parameters are known. However, the accuracy may vary depending on the availability and precision of the data.

Are there any alternative methods for finding the density of a planet?

Yes, there are other methods for finding the density of a planet, such as using its gravitational pull on nearby objects, analyzing the planet's atmosphere, or studying its internal structure through seismic waves. However, using the period of orbit is one of the most commonly used and reliable methods.

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