Finding fault in proof [contains logical quantifiers]

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The theorem claiming the existence of an x in real numbers such that for all y in real numbers the equation xy^2 = y - x holds is incorrect. The proof attempts to define x as a function of y, specifically x = y(y^2 + 1), which violates the requirement that x must be a constant value independent of y. This substitution leads to a logical inconsistency since it implies x varies with y, contradicting the existential quantifier. The key error lies in misunderstanding the nature of quantifiers and the dependency of variables in the proof. The discussion highlights the importance of correctly interpreting logical quantifiers in mathematical proofs.
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Homework Statement



Consider the following incorrect theorem: ∃x∈ℝ ∀y∈ℝ (xy^2 = y-x)

[Translation (not part of the original problem statement): There is at least an x∈ℝ such that, for every y∈ℝ, (xy^2 = y-x).]

What's wrong with the following proof?

Let x = y(y^2+1), then
y-x=y-y/(y^2+1)=y^3/(y^2+1)=y/(y^2+1) * y^2=xy^2​

Homework Equations



1. (xy^2 = y-x)

2. x = y(y^2+1)

3. y-x=y-y/(y^2+1)=y^3/(y^2+1)=y/(y^2+1) * y^2=xy^2

The Attempt at a Solution



Since the first equation is to be proven and the third equation seem to be correct, i think that the problem lies in the second.
I have transformed the theorem as follow:
[∃x∈ℝ ∀y∈ℝ (xy^2 = y-x)] = [∃x(x∈ℝ∧∀y(y∈ℝ→(xy^2=y-x))]
From this, i thought that since one of the things to prove is that there is at least an actual x that is true for all y, the substitution done in equation 2 is not correct (since x is substituted not with an actual value but a free variable).
But I'm not sure if this is really the reason for why the proof is incorrect. Any help will be appreciated.
 
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iopz said:
What's wrong with the following proof?

Let x = y(y^2+1)


This is already wrong. x is a single number and can't depend on y​
 
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willem2 said:

This is already wrong. x is a single number and can't depend on y​
I see, thank you!
 
Since ##px^9+q## is the factor, then ##x^9=\frac{-q}{p}## will be one of the roots. Let ##f(x)=27x^{18}+bx^9+70##, then: $$27\left(\frac{-q}{p}\right)^2+b\left(\frac{-q}{p}\right)+70=0$$ $$b=27 \frac{q}{p}+70 \frac{p}{q}$$ $$b=\frac{27q^2+70p^2}{pq}$$ From this expression, it looks like there is no greatest value of ##b## because increasing the value of ##p## and ##q## will also increase the value of ##b##. How to find the greatest value of ##b##? Thanks
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