First Order Active Low Pass Filter

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the design and simulation of a first-order active low-pass filter, focusing on calculations for component values, gain, and the use of simulation software (PSPICE/ORCAD) to analyze circuit behavior across different frequencies. Participants explore theoretical aspects, practical implementation, and discrepancies in simulation results.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant calculates the capacitor value for a specific frequency and gain, questioning the legitimacy of their setup.
  • Another participant confirms the gain and decibel calculations but expresses unfamiliarity with the method used to find the capacitor value.
  • A participant cites their textbook as the source for the formula used in their calculations.
  • Discussion arises about the role of the capacitor in blocking high-frequency signals.
  • One participant seeks assistance with performing a frequency sweep in PSPICE, detailing their circuit setup and parameters.
  • Another participant shares a graph from their simulation, indicating a frequency range and voltage setup.
  • Concerns are raised about differing results from Multisim and Orcad PSPICE simulations, with a focus on gain discrepancies.
  • A participant suggests checking the y-axis units in the simulation results to clarify differences in output.
  • Further inquiries are made about implementing a specific sine AC signal with a defined amplitude range.
  • A participant explains how to create a sine AC signal with a DC offset to achieve the desired amplitude range.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the calculations for gain and decibel values, but there are multiple competing views regarding the simulation results and the methods for generating specific AC signals. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the discrepancies in simulation outputs.

Contextual Notes

Participants express uncertainty about the methods used for simulations and the implications of different software outputs. There are also unresolved questions about the correct setup for generating specific AC signals.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for individuals interested in circuit design, simulation software, and the practical applications of low-pass filters in electronic systems.

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http://img39.imageshack.us/img39/2991/captureucm.jpg


Attempt to solve:

omega = 1/R2C1 ; omega = 2pi*f

so C1 = 1/R2*2pi*f , where f = 1000Hz

so C1 = 0.53 nF (nanofarads)


then Ao = -R2/R1, so absolute value is 15 gain V/V?
in terms of dB its approx 23.52dB using 20 log X formula?

is this setup legit? any feedback would be deeply appreciated!
 
Last edited by a moderator:
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your gain and decibel value are right for the given the capacitor value you found. I've never used that method or formula to find the capacitor value though.

I know Zc = 1/jwc... where'd you get the (omega = 1/R2C1)?
 
ya, i guess the gain and decibel values don't having anything to do with the capacitor. The capacitor will block high frequency sources.
 
is anyone good with PSPICE/ORCAD?

I got to do a frequency sweep from 10 to 5000 Hz..and use Vin as sine with amplitude from 0.1 to 0.3 V.

I created the circuit using Vac and set the first parameter to 0.1, and bottom to 0.2 which i believe creates an offset with amplitude +/- 0.1? Not really sure, rest of circuit I was able to setup the op-amp, resistors, capacitors etc..

Is it ok to use Vac as I mentioned and then performing PSPICE simulation using AC sweep simulation profile?
 
well, i don't know how to vary the voltage at the same time as the frequency. but i attached a graph of 10-5k frequency with 1V
 

Attachments

  • opamp.png
    opamp.png
    25 KB · Views: 666
i attached my PSPICE files if anyone can look it over.

http://www.mediafire.com/?clibucuzwv5qwu9

thanks!
 
Last edited by a moderator:
[PLAIN]http://img13.imageshack.us/img13/9672/hw3a.jpg
Simulation Linear scale using Multiview

[PLAIN]http://img543.imageshack.us/img543/3769/hw3b.jpg
Simulation Logarithmic scale using Multiview

vs...

[PLAIN]http://img30.imageshack.us/img30/2825/hw3orcad.jpg
Same simulation linear in Orcad PSPICE

[PLAIN]http://img835.imageshack.us/img835/223/hw3orcad2.jpg
Orcad PSPICE Logarithmic scale


Why am I getting different results for basically the same circuit configuration? It seems Multisim is closer to the actual overall gain 300k/20k = 15 v/v, but orcad isn't giving me that =(
 
Last edited by a moderator:
make sure you pay attention to your y-axis units. Looks like multisim is in magnitude while orcad is in volts. if you are using .1 volts they both seem to be the same. . .
 
  • #10
thanks lorenb that was my mistake i had a 0.1 v peak AC source...anyone know how to implement a 0.1-0.3 sine AC signal? will that really affect the graphs tho?
 
  • #11
*bump and help on how to make a 0.1-0.3 sine AC signal?
 
  • #12
AC signals that do not oscillate around 0 merely have a DC offset. Put a 0.2V DC source in series with a 0.1V (amplitude) sin AC signal and you should get a 0.1-0.3 sin AC signal i.e 0.2V +/- 0.1V = 0.1-0.3
 

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