Force due to currents in parallel wires

AI Thread Summary
Two parallel wires with currents in the same direction attract each other due to the magnetic fields they generate, which is stronger than the electrostatic repulsion between the negative charges. When stationary with respect to the wires, the observer perceives the attractive magnetic force, while moving with the charges leads to a different frame of reference where the charges appear to repel. The magnetic force is described by the equation F/l = (μ₀ I₁ I₂)/(2πd), indicating that it decreases with distance at a rate of 1/d, compared to the electrostatic force's 1/d² decrease. This difference in force behavior explains why the attraction dominates in the case of current-carrying wires. Understanding these concepts is crucial for grasping the interplay between electric and magnetic forces in parallel currents.
Knissp
Messages
72
Reaction score
0
Homework Statement

Two negative charges repel each other.
Two parallel wires with current going in the same direction attract each other.

Yet if one walks with the moving charge in the wires, the charges appear stationary and should repel each other - explain why if you are stationary with respect to the wire, they would attract while if you move with the charge they should repel."


The attempt at a solution
This is more of a conceptual question, so I really don't know how to approach it. Any help would be appreciated. I don't think the equations are relevant, but there's Coulomb's Law for static charges and the fact that currents going in the same direction in parallel wires attract, but I don't know how to resolve the issue of different frames of reference, i.e. the charges are stationary wrt the observer or the charges are moving wrt the observer and how this affects the force perceived.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Here's the gist: when you have stationary charges, the only force (apart from gravity) acting on them is the electrostatic force described by Coulomb's law. When you have a current, that force is still present, but there's a magnetic field around both the wires that causes the attractive force (according to the right-hand rule).

Now the magnetic force is stronger then the electrostatic force, as proven by the following equation between 2 parallel wires \frac{F}{l} = \frac{\mu_0 I_1 I_2}{2 \pi d}.
Note that F (magnetic force) decreases at a rate of 1/d (distance between wires) while in Coulomb's law, the electrostatic force decreases as a function of 1/d^2, which means that the magnetic force will be much stronger, causing the attraction.
 
I multiplied the values first without the error limit. Got 19.38. rounded it off to 2 significant figures since the given data has 2 significant figures. So = 19. For error I used the above formula. It comes out about 1.48. Now my question is. Should I write the answer as 19±1.5 (rounding 1.48 to 2 significant figures) OR should I write it as 19±1. So in short, should the error have same number of significant figures as the mean value or should it have the same number of decimal places as...
Thread 'A cylinder connected to a hanging mass'
Let's declare that for the cylinder, mass = M = 10 kg Radius = R = 4 m For the wall and the floor, Friction coeff = ##\mu## = 0.5 For the hanging mass, mass = m = 11 kg First, we divide the force according to their respective plane (x and y thing, correct me if I'm wrong) and according to which, cylinder or the hanging mass, they're working on. Force on the hanging mass $$mg - T = ma$$ Force(Cylinder) on y $$N_f + f_w - Mg = 0$$ Force(Cylinder) on x $$T + f_f - N_w = Ma$$ There's also...
Back
Top