Force on a long straight wire help

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    Force Wire
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the forces experienced by a middle wire in a configuration of three parallel wires carrying currents. Participants explore the interactions between the wires, particularly focusing on the net force acting on the middle wire due to the currents in the outer wires. The scope includes theoretical considerations of electromagnetic forces and calculations related to wire configurations.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses uncertainty about the overall force on the middle wire, initially calculating it as zero due to opposing forces from the outer wires.
  • Another participant clarifies that wires with currents in the same direction repel each other, while those with opposite currents attract, suggesting that the forces do not cancel but instead amplify the effect on the middle wire.
  • A later reply indicates a change in perspective, stating that an old mark scheme suggests there is no overall force on the middle wire, yet the participant still believes there is a force present.
  • Another participant introduces the idea that any induced currents from the outer wires would only cancel if there were no initial current in the middle wire, implying that the presence of a pre-existing current would result in a net force.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on whether there is an overall force on the middle wire. Some assert that the forces cancel out, while others argue that a net force exists due to the pre-existing current in the middle wire.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the direction of currents and the configuration of the wires, which may affect the calculations and interpretations of forces. There is also a reliance on external resources, such as mark schemes, which may not be universally accepted.

Lost4468
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I'm not sure about the force 3 wires have, here's the question.

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The question is:

"Calculate the force per unit length experienced by the middle wire in the arrangement shown."

The thing is I've an overall force of 0 because I1 and I3 are in different directions each producing a force of 0.15Nm^-1. Surely that's wrong? I think the middle wire somehow has an effect but I don't know how.
 
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Lost4468 said:
I'm not sure about the force 3 wires have, here's the question.

The question is:

"Calculate the force per unit length experienced by the middle wire in the arrangement shown."

The thing is I've an overall force of 0 because I1 and I3 are in different directions each producing a force of 0.15Nm^-1. Surely that's wrong? I think the middle wire somehow has an effect but I don't know how.

Lost, welcome to PF! :smile:

If 2 wires have currents in the same direction, they repel each other (with an equal but opposite force).
If 2 wires have currents in opposite directions, they attract each other.

So they do not cancel - they amplify each other (on the wire in the middle).

However, I get a different value for the force than what you have.
How did you calculate it?
Which formula did you use?
 
I like Serena said:
Lost, welcome to PF! :smile:

If 2 wires have currents in the same direction, they repel each other (with an equal but opposite force).
If 2 wires have currents in opposite directions, they attract each other.

So they do not cancel - they amplify each other (on the wire in the middle).

However, I get a different value for the force than what you have.
How did you calculate it?
Which formula did you use?

Nevermind I had the calculation wrong, I found an old mark scheme for it and it says that there's no overall force on the middle wire. Thanks.
 
Last edited:
Lost4468 said:
Nevermind I had the calculation wrong, I found an old mark scheme for it and it says that there's no overall force on the middle wire. Thanks.

Weird, since I believe there is an overall force on the middle wire.
 
they ( any induced currents from the 2 outer wires) would only cancel in the middle wire if there was no initial current flowing in the middle wire.

I have to assume from the diagram that the 2A flowing in the middle wire is a pre-existing current, so as you say there would be an overall force in the middle wire

cuz the induced current flow from external sources would cancel because they are equal and opposite and leave just the initial 2A flowing in the middle wire?

does that sound right ?

Dave
 

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