Fraunhofer Diffraction Pattern Ratio of Power Densities

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the ratio of power densities at the principal maximum and the first secondary maximum in the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern for an N-slit aperture. The key formula utilized is I=I_o \frac{\sin^2(\frac{N \phi}{2})}{\sin^2(\frac{\phi}{2})}, where \phi=\frac{2 \pi \, d \, \sin{\theta}}{\lambda}. The intensity at the primary maximum is given by I=N^2 I_o, while the intensity at the secondary maximum is calculated as I = I_0 / \sin^2(\frac{\pi}{2N}). The final ratio simplifies to N^2 \sin^2(\frac{\pi}{2N}) for large N.

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  • Understanding of Fraunhofer diffraction principles
  • Familiarity with interference patterns in optics
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities and limits
  • Ability to manipulate and derive equations involving sine functions
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  • #31
Yes. The final answer will be ## N^2 \sin^2(\frac{3 \pi}{2N}) ##.
 
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  • #32
@says Please let us know if you got the right answer.
 
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  • #33
Will do! I've attached my notes to this comment. Pages 12-16 discuss Fraunhofer diffraction and power densities in more detail, but it doesn't have the exact equation we were using.
 

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  • #34
says said:
Will do! I've attached my notes to this comment. Pages 12-16 discuss Fraunhofer diffraction and power densities in more detail, but it doesn't have the exact equation we were using.
The bottom of p.12 has the formula we used. (The ## sinc^2(\pi a u) ## is the single slit diffraction factor and is equal to 1 for narrow slits). They define ## u=\frac{\sin{\theta}}{\lambda} ## on p.3. I have seen presentations on the subject that are easier to follow. I would suggest the Optics book by Hecht and Zajac or Halliday-Resnick volume 2.
 
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  • #35
Additional note: Even though they have the formula we used on p.12, the notes do not explain any of the details of how to use that formula=i.e. by taking the limit as the denominator goes to zero, etc., for the primary maxima. ## \\ ## Diffraction theory is a topic that unless they present it with some care and some detail, you can easily get lost in mathematical detail. It really is not tremendously difficult, but it needs a thorough, and at the same time straightforward presentation.
 

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