General solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates

  • #1
Trollfaz
137
14
I am trying to model the voltage function for a very long cylinder with an assigned surface charge density or voltage.
Then the solution inside the cylinder is:
$$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n r^n cos(nθ)$$
And$$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n r^-n cos(nθ)$$
outside. Is that correct
 
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  • #2
it is not correct. How did you arrive at these expressions?

Are you familiar with the point charge field in two dimensions?
 
  • #3
Can someone help me to change it to latex codes thanks

[LaTeX updated by the Mentors]
 
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  • #4
That would be $$\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n r^{-n} cos(nθ)$$. So how do you find ##A_n##?
 
  • #5
cos(nθ) cos(mθ) is orthogonal for m not equals n. Take the voltage at the boundary and integrate it with a multiple cos(mθ)sin(mθ) to filter out the m th term in the summation and destroy the summation sign.
 
  • #6
Here's a detailed explanation
At the boundary r=R
$$V=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n R^{-n} cos(nθ)$$
$$\int_{0}^{π}\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n R^{-n} cos(nθ)cos(mθ)dθ=A_m R^{-m} π$$
$$A_m=\frac{R^m}{π}\int_{0}^{π}V_Rcos(mθ)dθ$$
If we know V at boundary as a linear combination of cos(nθ), then we can filter out all the non zero terms of the infinite sum and find the full function of V.
 
  • #7
Orodruin said:
it is not correct. How did you arrive at these expressions?

Are you familiar with the point charge field in two dimensions?
There is no point charge here.
 
  • #8
There will be a ##ln( r)## term for outside if there is a constant surface charge.
 
  • #9
Trollfaz said:
Here's a detailed explanation
At the boundary r=R
$$V=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n R^{-n} cos(nθ)$$
$$\int_{0}^{π}\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}A_n R^{-n} cos(nθ)cos(mθ)dθ=A_m R^{-m} π$$
$$A_m=\frac{R^m}{π}\int_{0}^{π}V_Rcos(mθ)dθ$$
If we know V at boundary as a linear combination of cos(nθ), then we can filter out all the non zero terms of the infinite sum and find the full function of V.
It is the surface charge, not V, which is given. You have to find the discontinuity in ##\partial_r(V)## at the surface related to the surface charge density.
 
  • #10
Meir Achuz said:
There is no point charge here.
Irrelevant to the point I was making. You have a potential monopole moment and the corresponding field of that is that of a point charge outside of the charge distribution.
Meir Achuz said:
There will be a ##ln( r)## term for outside if there is a constant surface charge.
Which is … the field of a point charge in two dimensions. Just as the 1/r field outside of a spherically symmetric charge distribution in three dimensions.
 
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  • #11
The general expansion in terms of separation-ansatz solutions in cylindrical coordinates leads to the Bessel or Hankel functions. You seem to discuss the special case of ##z##-independent solutions, i.e., solutions of the Laplace equation in 2 dimensions in terms of polar coordinates, which is not the general case, of course.
 
  • #12
vanhees71 said:
The general expansion in terms of separation-ansatz solutions in cylindrical coordinates leads to the Bessel or Hankel functions. You seem to discuss the special case of ##z##-independent solutions, i.e., solutions of the Laplace equation in 2 dimensions in terms of polar coordinates, which is not the general case, of course.
"for a very long cylinder"
 
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  • #13
Yes, then of course, you assume independence of ##z##. I've overlooked this assumption.
 
  • #14
vanhees71 said:
Yes, then of course, you assume independence of ##z##. I've overlooked this assumption.
Yes let's just assume the distribution is invariant with z
 
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1. How do you derive the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates?

To derive the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates, we start with the Laplacian operator in cylindrical coordinates and apply separation of variables technique. This involves assuming a solution of the form u(r, θ, z) = R(r)Θ(θ)Z(z) and substituting it into the Laplacian operator. By solving the resulting differential equations for R(r), Θ(θ), and Z(z), we can obtain the general solution.

2. What are the boundary conditions that need to be considered when finding the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates?

When finding the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates, boundary conditions such as the Dirichlet, Neumann, or mixed boundary conditions need to be considered. These conditions specify the values of the solution or its derivatives on the boundaries of the cylindrical domain and play a crucial role in determining the form of the general solution.

3. Can you provide an example of applying the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates?

Sure! Let's consider the problem of finding the Laplacian of a function u(r, θ, z) = R(r)Θ(θ)Z(z) in cylindrical coordinates. By substituting this form into the Laplacian operator and solving the resulting differential equations for R(r), Θ(θ), and Z(z), we can obtain the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates.

4. How is the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates different from the Cartesian coordinates case?

The general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates differs from the Cartesian coordinates case due to the cylindrical symmetry of the system. In cylindrical coordinates, the Laplacian operator involves derivatives with respect to the radial, azimuthal, and vertical directions, leading to a different form of the general solution compared to the Cartesian coordinates case.

5. What are some applications of the general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates in physics or engineering?

The general solution to Laplacian in cylindrical coordinates has various applications in physics and engineering, such as in the study of heat conduction in cylindrical systems, electromagnetic fields around cylindrical conductors, and fluid flow in cylindrical geometries. By utilizing the general solution, we can analyze and solve a wide range of problems involving cylindrical symmetry.

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