I Harper-Hofstader Model: Butterfly & Landau Levels Relationship

VishalSharma
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How are Hofstader's Butterfly and Landau Levels in 2-Dimesnions related to each other, if at all ?
 
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VishalSharma said:
Thanks for your help!
I'm currently writing a paper about Quantum Hall Effect, and I've run into these two concepts during my research. And as far as I am concerned, Landau level doesn't fully explain QHE and the "butterfly" is only remotely related. Quantum Hall effect is more of the result of mathematics than physics. The formulation of the resulting current in y direction under a weak electric filed in x direction, just so happens to consists of an integration that is mathematically proven to be an integer.
 
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Yes, I read that Hofstadter's butterfly is the result of the solution of the Harper's equation, which is just a particular case of a mathematical tool called Almost Mathieu Operator (i.e. λ = 1).
 
Insights auto threads is broken atm, so I'm manually creating these for new Insight articles. Towards the end of the first lecture for the Qiskit Global Summer School 2025, Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Olivia Lanes (Global Lead, Content and Education IBM) stated... Source: https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/quantum-entanglement-is-a-kinematic-fact-not-a-dynamical-effect/ by @RUTA
If we release an electron around a positively charged sphere, the initial state of electron is a linear combination of Hydrogen-like states. According to quantum mechanics, evolution of time would not change this initial state because the potential is time independent. However, classically we expect the electron to collide with the sphere. So, it seems that the quantum and classics predict different behaviours!
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