Homework Answer Key Possibly Incorrect - Physics/Calculus

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on a physics homework problem involving the calculation of potential energy from a given force vector, represented as ##F_x = -A x + B x^6##. The user initially attempted to integrate the force vector but arrived at an incorrect expression for potential energy due to a sign error in the integration process. The correct relationship, ##F_x = -\frac{dU}{dx}##, necessitates the application of a negative sign after integration, leading to the correct potential energy expression of ##U(x) = \frac{A x^2}{2} - \frac{B x^7}{7}##. The user acknowledged their mistake and clarified that the error was not in calculus but in the application of the fundamental physics principle.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic calculus, specifically integration techniques.
  • Familiarity with the concept of potential energy in physics.
  • Knowledge of force vectors and their relationship to potential energy.
  • Ability to interpret and apply the fundamental theorem of calculus.
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the fundamental theorem of calculus and its applications in physics.
  • Study the relationship between force and potential energy, particularly the equation ##F_x = -\frac{dU}{dx}##.
  • Practice integration of polynomial functions to solidify understanding of calculus techniques.
  • Explore common pitfalls in physics homework related to sign errors and integration.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics and calculus, particularly those tackling problems involving integration of force vectors to find potential energy. This discussion is also beneficial for educators looking to understand common student misconceptions in these subjects.

tfordman
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Edit: Please see first reply!

Hey all! I'm doing my physics homework (online) and think I may have run into an issue. I suspect that the key by which the homework engine grades the problems may be incorrect.

Now - I realize this is the Calculus+ section of the Homework section, but my question pertains principally to the calculus aspect of the question; thus I am posting here. This is also my first post, so please do correct me if I'm wrong in deciding to post my question here! I've also never heard of, much less used, LaTeX before, so forgive me if the formatting looks ugly. It certainly looks a lot better than a question littered with ^, /, and the like, though.

1. Homework Statement

Now, this is a pretty simple problem in which you are to find the potential energy given the force vector. To do this you must integrate the force vector to obtain the potential energy (as PE = U = ##\int F_x dx##).

The force vector/integrand in this case is ##-A x + B x^6 ##.

It's also stated that U = 0 at x = 0. It should also be noted that A and B are constants.

Homework Equations


I'm not sure there are any relevant equations which are worth writing out here (i.e. rules of integration); however, I could possibly be missing a rather basic integration rule here (or rather, simply forgot one).

The Attempt at a Solution


My first course of action was to split the integral into two separate integrals:
##\int -A x + B x^6 dx ## = ##\int -A x dx ## + ##\int B x^6 dx ##

Next, I brought the constants out from the integrals:
##-A \int x dx ## + ##B \int x^6 dx ##

Integrating as usual, I found the answer to be:

U(x) = ##\frac{-A x^2} {2} ## + ##\frac{B x^7} {7} ## ##+C ##

Since U = 0 when x = 0 as stated, C is easily calculated to = 0 and thus can be omitted from the final answer.
However, the homework engine will not accept this as a valid solution! Instead, it accepts only:

U(x) = ##\frac {A x^2} {2} ## - ##\frac {B x^7} {7} ##

Have I made a fundamental error in my integration? I feel like accusing the online homework key of being wrong is akin to scholastic blasphemy, but I want to know if I am missing something in my own knowledge.

Thank you for taking the time to read my question!
-T
 
Last edited:
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Wait, I have discovered my error. It's not with the calculus; rather, I simply forgot that Fx = ##-\frac{dU} {dx} ##. I forgot to apply the minus sign after integrating! :rolleyes: I'm not sure how to delete a thread so I figured I'd post here. I suppose this belongs in the Physics section after all! :wink:
 
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Good catch --- .
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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