How Do Insulin and Adrenaline Regulate Glycogen Metabolism in Muscles?

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Insulin and adrenaline play crucial roles in regulating glycogen metabolism in muscle tissue, but their signaling mechanisms differ. Adrenaline activates adenyl cyclase, leading to increased cyclic AMP levels, which promotes glycogen breakdown. In contrast, insulin generally promotes glycogen synthesis by activating pathways that enhance glucose uptake and storage. The integration of these signals is complex and involves multiple pathways rather than simple summation. Adrenaline is classified as both a hormone and a neurotransmitter, acting on specific target tissues to elicit rapid responses. Understanding how these signals are combined is essential for grasping the overall regulation of glycogen metabolism, as it involves intricate interactions between signaling pathways rather than straightforward additive effects.
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How are signals form insulin integrated with those from adrealine and contraction to regulate the breakdown or synthesis of glycogen in muscle?

I know that adrenaline stimulates the conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP by activating adenyl cyclase, and I think insulin does the opposite. But how are the signals combined before having a net effect? It would be easier if they were both hormones. Is adrenaline a hormone? Because it is a neurotransmitter specifically acting on target tissues (though Wikipedia says it's a hormone as well). Is the integration of signals just a simple "summation" of the effects? But that would mean there is no integration...
 
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