How Do You Calculate Outward Flux Through the Base of a Cylinder?

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To calculate the outward flux through the base of a cylinder, the relevant vector field is F = 3z eρ + cos(φ) eφ + 2z ez. The outward normal vector at the base is -ez, leading to the flux calculation as Φ = ∫s F · n dA, simplifying to Φ = ∫s 2z dA. The integration over the base results in Φ = -2πHR², confirming that the height H is appropriately included in the final answer. The discussion emphasizes the importance of correctly identifying the outward normal direction during flux calculations.
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Homework Statement


Calculate the outward flux of F = 3z\mathbf{e_{\rho}} + cos(\phi)\mathbf{e_{\phi}} + 2z\mathbf{e_{z}} through the base of a cylinder centered at the origin with radius \mathrm{R} and height \mathrm{2H}.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



I am unsure of how to tell if I have calculated the outward flux, and not entirely confident that it makes sense to have 'H' in my final answer. I'd really appreciate it if you could take a look.

\Phi = \int_{s} \mathbf{F}. \mathbf{n} dA

\mathbf{F}. \mathbf{n} = (3z\mathbf{e_{\rho}} + cos(\phi)\mathbf{e_{\phi}} + 2z\mathbf{e_{z}}).(\mathbf{e_{z}}) = 2z

\Phi = \int_{s} 2z dA

\Phi = \int_{s} 2z \rho d\rho d\phi

\Phi = \int_{0}^{2\pi} \int_{0}^{R} 2z \rho d\rho d\phi

\Phi = \int_{0}^{2\pi} z \rho^{2} d\phi = z \rho^{2} [\phi]^{2\pi}_{0}

\Phi = 2 \pi z \rho^{2}

\Phi = -2 \pi H R^{2}

Thanks!
 
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BOAS said:

Homework Statement


Calculate the outward flux of F = 3z\mathbf{e_{\rho}} + cos(\phi)\mathbf{e_{\phi}} + 2z\mathbf{e_{z}} through the base of a cylinder centered at the origin with radius \mathrm{R} and height \mathrm{2H}.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



I am unsure of how to tell if I have calculated the outward flux, and not entirely confident that it makes sense to have 'H' in my final answer. I'd really appreciate it if you could take a look.

\Phi = \int_{s} \mathbf{F}. \mathbf{n} dA

\mathbf{F}. \mathbf{n} = (3z\mathbf{e_{\rho}} + cos(\phi)\mathbf{e_{\phi}} + 2z\mathbf{e_{z}}).(\mathbf{e_{z}}) = 2z

\Phi = \int_{s} 2z dA

\Phi = \int_{s} 2z \rho d\rho d\phi

\Phi = \int_{0}^{2\pi} \int_{0}^{R} 2z \rho d\rho d\phi

\Phi = \int_{0}^{2\pi} z \rho^{2} d\phi = z \rho^{2} [\phi]^{2\pi}_{0}

\Phi = 2 \pi z \rho^{2}

\Phi = -2 \pi H R^{2}

Thanks!

Seems ok. Except I would say the OUTWARD normal on the bottom of the cylinder is ##-\mathbf{e_z}##. You could actually have done this calculation in your head, since you are integrating over a disk and the integrand is constant.
 
Dick said:
Seems ok. Except I would say the OUTWARD normal on the bottom of the cylinder is ##-\mathbf{e_z}##. You could actually have done this calculation in your head, since you are integrating over a disk and the integrand is constant.

Ah, of course! I should have picked up on that.

Thanks!
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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