How Do You Calculate the Initial Velocity of a Bullet in an Elastic Collision?

AI Thread Summary
To calculate the initial velocity of a bullet in an elastic collision with a block on a rough surface, one must consider the conservation of momentum rather than work-energy principles. The initial momentum of the bullet equals the combined momentum of the bullet and block after the collision. The frictional force acting on the block, determined by the coefficient of kinetic friction and the weight of the block, will influence how far the block slides before stopping. The derived expression for the initial velocity of the bullet can be simplified by eliminating the final velocity of the block. Ultimately, the focus should be on momentum conservation to accurately determine the bullet's initial velocity.
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Homework Statement


A bullet of mass m is shot into a block of mass M that rests on a rough surface with coefficient of kinetic friction k. The block slides for a distance of x meters before coming to a stop. Derive an expression for the initial velocity of the bullet.

Homework Equations


0.5mvi^2 - k(-1)x = 0.5(M+m)vf^2 (work energy theorem just with the variables replaced with the ones in the question)
and also this but I'm not sure where to use it Ff = (M + m)gk

The Attempt at a Solution


vi = +/- sqrt((vf^2 + (Mvf^2)/m + (2kx)/m))

I need to remove vf

thank you for help
 
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You don't want to use the work/energy stuff here. This is an INelastic collision. When the bullet collides with the block it is stopped by friction within the block and you have no data to calculate that directly. What you can count on is conservation of momentum. The initial momentum of the bullet is equal to the initial momentum of the bullet plus block combination. This will let you get an initial velocity for the block. Go from there.
 
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