How Do You Solve This Tricky Differential Equation Problem?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around solving a differential equation of the form \( y' \sin(2t) = 2(y + \cos(t)) \) with an initial condition \( y\left(\frac{\pi}{4}\right) = 0 \). Participants are exploring methods to manipulate and integrate the equation, particularly focusing on the integration of trigonometric functions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss transforming the differential equation into a standard linear form and simplifying the right-hand side. There are attempts to find the integrating factor \( u(x) \) and to evaluate the integral \( \int | \cos(2t) | \csc(t) dt \). Questions arise regarding the correctness of the antiderivative for the \( \csc \) integral and the steps taken in simplification.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants providing insights into their attempts and questioning the validity of their integration steps. Some participants express uncertainty about their simplifications and seek clarification on specific transformations and integrals.

Contextual Notes

Participants are working under the constraints of homework guidelines, which may limit the amount of direct assistance they can provide to one another. There is an emphasis on understanding the integration process and ensuring the correctness of mathematical manipulations.

cklabyrinth
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Homework Statement



y'sin(2t) = 2(y+cos(t))

y(\frac{∏}{4}) = 0

Homework Equations



\frac{dy}{dx} + p(x)y = q(x)

y = \frac{\int u(x) q(x) dx + C}{u(x)}

where
u(x) = exp(\int p(x)dx)

The Attempt at a Solution



I've set the equation in the form above, simplified the RHS and solved for u(x):

\frac{dy}{dt} - \frac{2}{sin(2t)}y = \frac{2cos(t)}{sin(2t)}RHS simplification:
\frac{2cos(t)}{sin(2t)} = \frac{2cos(t)}{2cos(t)sin(t)} = csc(t)

which gives:

\frac{dy}{dt} - \frac{2}{sin(2t)}y = csc(t)
u(x) = exp(\int -\frac{2}{sin(2t)}dt)

u-sub with u = 2t in the integration gives:

u(x) = exp(\int -csc(u)du) = exp(ln|cos(2t)|) = |cos(2t)|
then:

y = \frac{\int |cos(2t)|csc(t)dt}{|cos(2t)|} + CAnd I'm stuck here on the indefinite integral in the numerator:

\int |cos(2t)|csc(t)dt

I've tried replacing cos(2t) with cos^2(t) - sin^2(t) but that ends up leaving me with \int cot(t)cos(t)dt - \int sin(t)dt which I find just as hard. Any ideas on where I'm going wrong?
 
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cklabyrinth said:

Homework Statement



y'sin(2t) = 2(y+cos(t))

y(\frac{∏}{4}) = 0

Homework Equations



\frac{dy}{dx} + p(x)y = q(x)

y = \frac{\int u(x) q(x) dx + C}{u(x)}

where
u(x) = exp(\int p(x)dx)

The Attempt at a Solution



I've set the equation in the form above, simplified the RHS and solved for u(x):

\frac{dy}{dt} - \frac{2}{sin(2t)}y = \frac{2cos(t)}{sin(2t)}


RHS simplification:
\frac{2cos(t)}{sin(2t)} = \frac{2cos(t)}{2cos(t)sin(t)} = csc(t)

which gives:

\frac{dy}{dt} - \frac{2}{sin(2t)}y = csc(t)



u(x) = exp(\int -\frac{2}{sin(2t)}dt)

u-sub with u = 2t in the integration gives:

u(x) = exp(\int -csc(u)du) = exp(ln|cos(2t)|) = |cos(2t)|

That isn't the correct antiderivative for the csc integral.
 
I did a bit of simplification, but I may have done something wrong in between:

\int -csc(u)du = -ln|csc(u) - cot(u)| = ln|csc(2t) - cot(2t)|

=-ln|\frac{csc(2t)}{cot(2t)}| = -ln|\frac{1}{sin(2t)}*\frac{sin(2t)}{cos(2t)}|

= -ln|sec(2t)| = ln|sec(2t)|^-1 = ln|cos(2t)|

When exponentiating that, I get to u(x) = |cos(2t)|

Did I do something wrong along the way?
 
cklabyrinth said:
I did a bit of simplification, but I may have done something wrong in between:

\int -csc(u)du = -ln|csc(u) - cot(u)| = ln|csc(2t) - cot(2t)|

=-ln|\frac{csc(2t)}{cot(2t)}|

The correct formula for logarithms is ##\ln a -\ln b = \ln \frac a b##.
 

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