How Does Bluetooth 4.0 Work in the Context of Retail Beacons?

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Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons are used in retail environments to send notifications, such as promotional offers, to smartphones when customers are in proximity. These notifications can be text or image-based. The communication occurs when the beacon detects the smartphone's BLE signal, prompting the merchant to send an offer. The offer is typically sent via the internet to the smartphone rather than directly through BLE, as BLE is designed for small data transmissions. Beacons do not store images; instead, they transmit a Universally Unique Identifier (UUID) to the smartphone, which can then retrieve the relevant promotional content from the internet. This process does not require pairing, as the UUID functions similarly to an IP address, allowing the smartphone to identify the beacon without establishing a direct connection. Additionally, a wireless USB module using BLE can perform similar proximity detection functions as a BLE beacon, enabling similar applications in determining smartphone proximity.
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Hi everyone,
I would like to know how the BLE functions in more detailed manner.

Consider the case of BLE beacons at the local retail outlet. I am notified of a offer when passing through the outlet. The offer may be a text based or a image based. I presume the merchant sends me a generic offer when his beacon detects my BLE on my smartphone.

Now, is this offer sent via the merchant's BLE to my BLE
or
sent by merchant through the internet to my smartphone?

If the image is sent via BLE, how is it possible? (aren't BLE supposed for small data transmissions?)

Firstly, how a beacon sends a promo? Will it have images stores in them or the beacon itself is connected to merchant's pos device to transfer promo from the pos through the beacon to the customer's smartphone

Now, are all the activities that's done using a BLE beacon, is also possible using a wireless usb module using BLE? I mean can a BLE usb module be used for determining the proximity of a smartphone just like what the BLE beacon does?

Would be great if someone can answer my queries.

Regards
 
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Hi UltrafastPED,
That link have cleared many of my queries. Thanks for the link. I have few more doubts.

The slave (here the beacon) sends only a UUI (Universally Unique Identifier) to the master (here the shopper). Of course, the shopper may ignore the notification or perform some action. Now does sending the UUI to the master needs pairing, because UUI is similar to IP address as I believe.
 
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