How does induced charge affect the balance of a conducting beam?

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the effects of induced charge on a conducting beam balanced on a pivot when subjected to an external electric field. When an electric field is applied, electrons redistribute within the conductor, causing a shift in the center of mass, which results in the beam tipping. The scenario is compared to a similar experiment conducted by Robert Millikan, which involved oil droplets in free-fall, demonstrating the principles of charge induction and balance in conductive materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric fields and their effects on conductors
  • Knowledge of charge induction and electron distribution
  • Familiarity with free-body diagrams in physics
  • Basic principles of gravity and mass distribution
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of charge induction in conductors
  • Study free-body diagrams and their applications in physics
  • Explore Robert Millikan's oil drop experiment and its significance
  • Investigate the effects of electric fields on the stability of conductive materials
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the behavior of conductive materials in electric fields.

mishima
Messages
576
Reaction score
43
Say you had a rectangular piece of conductor perfectly balanced on a central pivot point. Around it, you put something that causes an electric field throughout the region. On one end of the balanced piece, atomic cores get exposed as the electron sea rushes to the opposite side via induction. So would the piece now turn on the pivot, since one side was heavier than the other (one side has more electrons than the other)? Or does the force on the electrons somehow keep it up and oriented in the same direction despite weight differences?

I know this would probably never be able to be done in real life because of how small the mass is, I'm just wondering.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Lets tidy up to make this easier to think about:

You have a conducting beam which is initially balanced and you apply an external uniform electric field horizontally along the length of the beam. This causes a shift in the distribution of electrons to one side of the beam - which would shift the center of mass of the beam away from the pivot point and so it should tip up.

That seems reasonable.
You could imagine a negatively charged pivot and a non-conducting beam with a positive charged slug constrained to move along it's length. In this case you can construct a free-body diagram for the situation ... there would be a force ##qE## from the field, another ##kq^2/x^2## back along the beam, then there is gravity ##mg## acting down.

Have fun.

A version of this experiment has been done in real life - famously, by Millikan - using oil droplets in free-fall instead of a charged slug on a beam.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 19 ·
Replies
19
Views
3K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
3K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K