Virus mutations do not always compromise immunity because the immune system primarily recognizes the external components of a virus. If the internal structures mutate, the immune system can still identify the virus as a threat. However, mutations on the virus's surface can evade immune detection, similar to how Tarzan wouldn't recognize elephants wearing sunglasses. Additionally, some viruses can lead to a loss of immunity over time or even wipe out immune memory of previous infections, as seen with measles, which can diminish immunity for other diseases. This phenomenon is one reason children receive booster shots. The measles virus specifically targets antibody-producing cells and memory cells, potentially suppressing the immune response for up to two years, while the weakened vaccine does not cause this level of damage.
