How must a voltmeter be connected in a circuit?

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A voltmeter must be connected in parallel with a resistor to accurately measure the voltage across it. This configuration ensures that the voltmeter measures the potential difference without significantly altering the circuit's current. Connecting it in series would result in an incorrect reading due to the voltmeter's internal resistance. Understanding this connection is crucial for accurate voltage measurements in electrical circuits. Proper connection techniques are essential for effective circuit analysis.
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Homework Statement


How must a voltmeter be connected in a circuit to measure voltage across a resistor and why?


Homework Equations


Vv=Ifs(Rc+Rs)


The Attempt at a Solution


I think the voltmeter must be connected parallel to the series with its terminals on either side of the resistor.
 
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... why?
 


I'm not sure
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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