How to Compute Auto-correlation and Spectral Density of a Damped Sine Wave?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on computing the auto-correlation and spectral density functions of the damped sine wave signal defined as $$f(t)=Ae^{-ct}sin(\omega t)$$. The user is struggling with evaluating the integrals for auto-correlation $$R_x(\tau)$$ and spectral density $$S_x(\omega)$$, particularly at the limits where the integrand diverges. A critical insight provided is the necessity of using the modified function $$f(t) = A e^{-c|t|} \sin(\omega t)$$ instead of the original $$f(t)=Ae^{-ct}sin(\omega t)$$ to avoid divergence issues.

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  • Learn about the implications of using absolute values in exponential decay functions.
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CivilSigma
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Homework Statement


I am computing the auto correlation and spectral density functions of the following signal:

$$f(t)=Ae^{-ct}sin(\omega t)$$

$$AutoCorrelation = R_x(\tau) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} f(x)f(x+\tau) \cdot \frac{1}{T} dx$$
$$SpectralDensity = S_x(\omega) = \frac{1}{2\pi} \int_{\infty}^{\infty} R_x(\tau)\cdot e^{-i2\pi \omega \tau} d\tau$$

where T is the period of the function, and omega is the natural circular frequency.

My lecture notes suggest that the solution follows the following form:
(Gxx is the spectral function in the picture)

https://imgur.com/a/G11HPRw

The Attempt at a Solution


I have no problem expanding out the integral and simplifying to get the integrand (and verifying with Wolfram Alpha). However, I am having a hard time when it comes to evaluating the integrand at the limits as I am diverging to infinity and moreover, my solution looks no where as close to the suggested one.

Am I missing a critical concept/step in my evaluation?

https://imgur.com/a/G11HPRw

 
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CivilSigma said:

Homework Statement


I am computing the auto correlation and spectral density functions of the following signal:

$$f(t)=Ae^{-ct}sin(\omega t)$$

$$AutoCorrelation = R_x(\tau) = \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} f(x)f(x+\tau) \cdot \frac{1}{T} dx$$
$$SpectralDensity = S_x(\omega) = \frac{1}{2\pi} \int_{\infty}^{\infty} R_x(\tau)\cdot e^{-i2\pi \omega \tau} d\tau$$

where T is the period of the function, and omega is the natural circular frequency.

My lecture notes suggest that the solution follows the following form:
(Gxx is the spectral function in the picture)

https://imgur.com/a/G11HPRw

The Attempt at a Solution


I have no problem expanding out the integral and simplifying to get the integrand (and verifying with Wolfram Alpha). However, I am having a hard time when it comes to evaluating the integrand at the limits as I am diverging to infinity and moreover, my solution looks no where as close to the suggested one.

Am I missing a critical concept/step in my evaluation?

https://imgur.com/a/G11HPRw

While the linked image is almost unreadable, it looks like it is using ##f(t) = A e^{-c|t|} \sin(\omega t)##; that is, it uses ##e^{-c|t|},## not your ##e^{-ct}.##
 

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