How to Determine Reaction Kinetics and Conversion Rates for Ammonia Synthesis?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around determining reaction kinetics and conversion rates for ammonia synthesis, specifically focusing on processes using different catalysts, such as iron and ruthenium. Participants are seeking detailed information on kinetics data and conversion rates, as well as insights into specific ammonia production processes.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses difficulty in finding kinetic information and conversion rates for ammonia production using iron as a catalyst.
  • Another participant inquires about the KAAP Kellogg modern process with ruthenium catalyst, noting its similarities to the traditional Kellogg process.
  • Some participants propose that the kinetics of ammonia synthesis depend on the specific conditions of the catalyst, including its quantity, quality, and state, suggesting that a universal rate constant does not exist.
  • It is mentioned that the reaction is an equilibrium process, and that optimizing pressure and temperature may be more effective for increasing yield than focusing solely on the catalyst.
  • A participant shares a link to a resource that may provide relevant information, although they express doubt that it contains the specific numbers sought.
  • Another participant indicates that their group is unable to proceed with mass balance calculations due to a lack of conversion information, despite acknowledging the usefulness of the shared article.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the kinetics of ammonia synthesis are complex and dependent on specific system conditions. However, there is no consensus on the availability of comprehensive kinetic data or conversion rates, and the discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific information needed for their projects.

Contextual Notes

Participants note limitations in the availability of kinetic data and conversion rates, as well as the dependence of these factors on specific catalyst conditions. There is also an acknowledgment that the reaction's equilibrium nature complicates the determination of optimal conditions.

Thermo
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I need to design an ammonia production process but I can't find the kinetic info from the articles online. The catalyst will be iron. Can somebody explain how to find kinetics data and conversion rate? I found some articles but there was no conversion info on them.
 
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And how can I find a detailed process information of KAAP Kellogg modern process with Ruthenium catalyst? It's quite similar to the Kellogg process with the iron catalysts one. However I need to know what changes with the modern one.
 
It is complicated because the kinetics will depend on the quantity, quality and state of the catalyst. There won't be a rate constant for "catalysed ammonia synthesis", it will be specific to your system. Moreover, the reaction is an equilibrium, so the best way to increase yield may be via the pressure and temperature, not the catalyst. This might be helpful: http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:736938/component/escidoc:932945/Ammonia+Synthesis.pdf. I don't think it gives you the numbers you want, but I don't think those numbers exist as such; see e.g. the turnover rates in Table 1, dependent on particle size.
 
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mjc123 said:
It is complicated because the kinetics will depend on the quantity, quality and state of the catalyst. There won't be a rate constant for "catalysed ammonia synthesis", it will be specific to your system. Moreover, the reaction is an equilibrium, so the best way to increase yield may be via the pressure and temperature, not the catalyst. This might be helpful: http://pubman.mpdl.mpg.de/pubman/item/escidoc:736938/component/escidoc:932945/Ammonia+Synthesis.pdf. I don't think it gives you the numbers you want, but I don't think those numbers exist as such; see e.g. the turnover rates in Table 1, dependent on particle size.
I see but our professors want us to find an article that explains the reaction kinetics and conversion. We can't start doing mass balance because of the lack of information about the conversion (we do not need the kinetics right now). But thanks for the the source. It seems like a useful article.
 

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