How to Write a Math Proof and Their Structure

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the essential role of mathematical proofs, highlighting their significance in the field of mathematics. Key examples include Fermat’s Last Theorem and the 4-color theorem, which illustrate the complexity and necessity of proofs. The conversation emphasizes that while some proofs are intricate and require advanced techniques, the majority involve straightforward deductions and logical reasoning. The discussion also touches on the importance of structured approaches to writing proofs, particularly in the context of homework assignments.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of mathematical logic and reasoning
  • Familiarity with basic proof techniques such as direct proof and proof by contradiction
  • Knowledge of significant mathematical theorems like Fermat’s Last Theorem and the 4-color theorem
  • Experience with mathematical notation and symbols
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the structure of mathematical proofs in detail
  • Explore advanced proof techniques, including proof by induction and contrapositive
  • Research the implications of the Riemann Hypothesis in mathematical theory
  • Examine the role of computer-assisted proofs in modern mathematics
USEFUL FOR

Mathematics students, educators, and anyone interested in deepening their understanding of mathematical proofs and their applications in problem-solving.

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Proofs in mathematics are what mathematics is all about. They are subject to entire books, created entire theories like Fermat’s last theorem, are hard to understand like currently Mochizuki’s proof of the ABC conjecture, or need computer assistance like the 4-color-theorem. They are sometimes even missing, although everybody believes in the statement like the Riemann hypothesis or ##NP=P##.
However, those are exceptions and events at the frontlines of mathematics. The daily mathematical life is cobblestoned by more or less easy deductions and conclusions. Some need detours like rather tricky integrals, a certain substitution or formula to solve them, and some need only modest calculations, or arguments along the line: What if not? The latter is the vast majority since they are required line by line when reading a proof: ##A\Longrightarrow B##. They are also subject to the exercises and problems collected under ‘homework’. This little article will deal with them, i.e. the question...

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