How would someone make dichloroacetate?

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SUMMARY

The synthesis of dichloroacetate can be achieved through several methods, including the chlorination of acetic acid, hydrolysis of pentachloroethane, and electrolytic reduction of trichloroacetic acid. The most straightforward and cost-effective method for industrial production is the chlorination of acetic acid. However, this process poses significant safety risks due to the potential release of hydrogen cyanide, necessitating the use of proper safety equipment and fume hoods during experimentation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of organic chemistry reactions
  • Familiarity with chlorination processes
  • Knowledge of safety protocols in chemical synthesis
  • Experience with handling hazardous materials
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the chlorination of acetic acid for industrial applications
  • Study the hydrolysis of pentachloroethane as an alternative synthesis route
  • Learn about electrolytic reduction techniques for trichloroacetic acid
  • Review safety measures for handling hydrogen cyanide and other toxic byproducts
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Chemists, chemical engineers, and safety officers involved in organic synthesis and industrial chemical production will benefit from this discussion.

cj2222
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How would someone make dichloroacetate?

I am not planning on using it to treat any humans with cancer, just wondering.
 
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See the OrgSyn page. The reaction looks gross: chloral hydrate + sodium cyanide...
http://www.orgsynth.org/orgsyn/orgsyn/prepcontent.asp?print=1&showprint=1&prep=cv2p0181

Also see the "Discussion" section on that page:
Dichloroacetic acid has been prepared by the chlorination of acetic1 or chloroacetic2 acid, by hydrolysis of pentachloroethane,3 from trichloroacetic acid by electrolytic reduction4 or the action of copper,5 and by the action of alkali cyanides on chloral hydrate.6

Chlorination of acetic acid seems like the most direct and the cheapest way in terms of industrial-scale manufacture.
 


Wow, I wouldn't touch that process if you paid me without a good reason; curiosity wouldn't be enough. If that thing foams too much, or you forget to keep the evolved hydrogen cyanide down, you'll be dead before anyone could help you. Whatever you do or don't do, curiosity or not, for the love of god do it under a hood and with the PROPER gear.
 

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