I'm trying to intuit how pull-up and pull-down resistors work

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Pull-up and pull-down resistors are essential in digital circuits to stabilize input voltages when switches are open, preventing undefined states. When a switch is closed, the resistor ensures that the voltage reflects a clear logic state opposite to that when the switch is open. The choice of resistor value is crucial; it must be low enough to avoid interfering with the circuit's operation but high enough to maintain stability. Directly connecting a microcontroller input to VCC or GND is safe due to high impedance, but resistors prevent potential short circuits. Understanding these concepts is vital for effective digital logic design and operation.
  • #31
Khan academy has some really good tutorials about basic circuit analysis. You may find studying that more productive than this approach.
 

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