Infinite series to calculate integrals

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The discussion revolves around the challenges of calculating integrals using infinite series, particularly the integral of f(x)=sqrt(1-x^2) from 0 to 1, which presents issues with convergence and differentiation. The importance of power series, especially Taylor series, in complex analysis is emphasized, as they provide a framework for addressing these problems. There are concerns about the correct use of dummy variables in integrals and the accuracy of series representations, such as the exponential function. While experimenting with series can yield interesting results, it is noted that they may not be reliable for calculating definite integrals. Overall, the conversation highlights both the potential and limitations of using infinite series in integral calculus.
fazekasgergely
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Homework Statement
I've been doing maths for fun (I've only learned calculus 1 in university yet, but I love experimenting) and I've found the formula for integration by parts can be generalized as an infinite series.
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I'm not well educated in infinite series, this is an amateur attempt but it works in most cases. Can someone tell me if this is right? I know in most cases it only makes things more complicated. I've tried it with simpler functions and it seems to work, more complicated ones are sometimes a problem. Here d^0/dx^0 f(x)=f(x)
For example integral of f(x)=sqrt(1-x^2) from 0 to 1 is a problem, since the derivative of the function is -x/sqrt(1-x^2) so putting in 1 in the place of x ruins the whole thing.
 

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The study of power series (Taylor series) is central to the subject of complex analysis. The issues of convergence, derivatives, and integrals are handled in detail there. You might be interested in that subject.
Your equation seems to have some problems. For one, the variable x inside the integral on the left is a dummy variable, but not on the right. Also, consider the series for the exponential function. The integral is the exponential function again and it does not have the alternating sign that your equation has.
 
Thank you for your answer! It's good to read the opinion of someone who is more educated than myself. For now I'm just an enthusiast who enjoys experimenting with maths :)
 
I've found if you plug in e^x the series gives you e^x-1, and by definition integral of e^x is e^x+C, so the derivative of e^x-1 is still e^x. But the series is not great for calculating definite integral, the results will be false. It works for some functions though.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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