Instantaneous Current in single phase circuit

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the instantaneous current and phasor current in a single-phase circuit involving a resistor, inductor, and a load with complex impedance. Participants explore the application of Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) and the conversion between time domain and phasor representations.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant outlines the circuit parameters and attempts to apply KVL, expressing uncertainty about how to handle the load's complex impedance.
  • Another participant points out that the frequency used for calculating the inductor's reactance should be 314 rad/s, not 50 Hz.
  • A third participant provides a method to convert the phasor current into instantaneous form, suggesting the formula I(t) = 94.94cos(314t-31.26) Amps.
  • There is a suggestion to recompute the inductor's reactance using the correct frequency, indicating a potential error in the initial calculations.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the correct frequency to use for calculations, and there is no consensus on how to interpret the load's impedance in the time domain. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the correct approach to the problem.

Contextual Notes

Participants have not fully clarified the nature of the load (capacitor/inductor/mix), which may affect the calculations. The implications of using different frequencies for the inductor's reactance are also not fully resolved.

RobJob
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Homework Statement



SOURCE:
v(t) = (311)cos(314t) [v]

IN SERIES WITH:
R = (0.3) [Ω]
L = j(0.7) [Ω]
"load" = 2.5 + j(1.0) [Ω]

Homework Equations


Find the instantaneous current, and the phasor current.

The Attempt at a Solution


(1.) I first found the frequency of the source:
(314) / (2*pi) ≈ 50 Hz.

(2.) Figure out the value of the inductor:
jωL = j(0.7) => j(50)L = j(0.7) => L = (0.7/50) = 14 [mH]

(3.) I started doing KVL around the loop:
(-311)cos(314t) + (0.3)(i(t)) + (14e-3) (di/dt) ...

Then I didn't know what to do for the "load." It isn't specified if it's a capacitor/inductor/mix, and I'm not sure how to go from 2.5 + j(1.0) [Ω] to something I can use in the time domain? Is it just the real part of that value?
So... (-311)cos(314t) + (0.3)(i(t)) + (14e-3) (di/dt) + 2.5 = 0 ?

---------------------------------------------------------

(1.) For the phasor I found the total impedance:
0.3 + j(0.7) + 2.5 + j(1.0) = 2.8 + j1.7 = 3.27∠31.26 [Ω]

(2.) Then did:
I = V/Z = (311∠0) / (3.27∠31.26) = 94.94∠-31.26 [A]

Does the phasor look correct, and can I back into the instantaneous from the phasor?

Thanks for any help! I'm just getting back into this and I'm pretty rusty!
 
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Hi Robjob. :welcome:

You haven't provided the question, so it's difficult to say whether your answer is correct. Please include the problem statement.

One error: XL = jwL where w is 314 not 50
 
To put 94.94<-31.26 A into instantaneous form you would do:

I(t) = 94.94cos(314t-31.26) Amps
 
RobJob said:
(2.) Figure out the value of the inductor:
jωL = j(0.7) => j(50)L
Recompute ω!
 

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