Is earth doing work on the moon?

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The discussion centers on whether Earth does work on the Moon, defined as movement in the direction of force. It concludes that, under the assumption of a circular orbit, Earth does not do work on the Moon since energy remains constant and the Moon maintains a stable height. However, the interaction between the Earth and Moon, particularly through tidal forces, results in energy loss due to friction, which affects Earth's rotation and causes the Moon to gradually move away. Thus, while no work is done in the traditional sense, the energy dynamics suggest that work is indirectly involved in the Earth-Moon system. The complexities of their interaction illustrate the nuanced relationship between gravitational forces and energy conservation.
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The definition of work states that the object must move in the same direction as the force. W=Fd. I am contemplating whether or not the Earth is doing "work" on the moon. My answer would be no, because no energy is being transferred, and the moon stays at around the same height (we are assuming a perfectly circular orbit). But... then I think that the moon IS constantly falling towards the earth, but it keeps missing it due to it's velocity... I am confused. lol, thanks.
 
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The definition of work is W = F.d, where the '.' refers to the scalar product (or dor product) - http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/vsca2.html#vsc4 .

So, assuming a circular orbit for the moon, in which it moves with the same linear velocity, the Earth does no work on the moon.

From the conservation of energy, the potential and kinetic energies are constant at all times, and thus we arrive at the same conclusion.
 
thanks neutrino
 
In a simplified way neutrino's answer is correct. But we must remember that the moon causes tides on Earth (and the Earth on the moon). Since the Earth turns, the tides cause friction in the bottom of the ocean. This causes a loss of energy. The Earth's rotation is becoming slower. In order to conserve momentum, the moon is getting farther from earth.
Since there is loss of energy, there is work being done.
 
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