The three most commonly known phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. However, there are also two additional phases called plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate.
Substances can change phases through the processes of melting, freezing, evaporation, condensation, sublimation, and deposition. These changes occur when energy is added or removed from the substance.
No, not all substances can change phases. Substances that have a fixed shape and volume, such as metals, are unable to change phases. Only substances with a variable shape and volume, such as water, can change phases.
The different phases of matter are caused by the arrangement and movement of particles within the substance. In a solid, particles are tightly packed and vibrate in place. In a liquid, particles are less tightly packed and can move around each other. In a gas, particles are far apart and moving freely.
Yes, substances can exist in more than one phase at a time. This is known as a phase transition, where two phases coexist in equilibrium. For example, during the process of melting, both solid and liquid water can exist at the same time.