Kinematics of a Falling Object: Calculating Velocity

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To calculate the velocity of a toy dart shot downward at 10.4 m/s after 1.3 seconds, the equation V = Vo + at is used, where a is the acceleration due to gravity (-9.81 m/s^2). The initial attempt yielded an incorrect velocity of 23.15 m/s. The discussion emphasizes the importance of consistently defining the direction of the y-axis, either as positive or negative, for all variables involved. Properly applying this consistency will lead to the correct calculation of the dart's velocity. Consistency in sign convention is crucial for accurate results in kinematics.
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Homework Statement


Sarah shoots a toy dart vertically downward at 10.4 m/s at Mark standing on the ground below. Calculate the dart's velocity after 1.3 seconds.

Homework Equations


V=Vo + at
X=1/2(Vo -V)T
X=VoT + 1/2at2
V2=Vo2 + 2ax

(If a 2 is after a letter then it means squared)
X=displacement
A=Acceleration
T=Tome
Vo=Initial Velocity
V=Velocity

The Attempt at a Solution


Vf = (10.4 m/s) + (-9.81 m/s^2)(1.3 sec) = 23.15 m/s

That answer is wrong.

Thanks.
 
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If you choose the downward y-axis as positive, then every variable acting in that direction...velocity, acceleration, and displacement... should also be positive.

If you choose the downward y-axis as negative, then every variable acting in that direction...velocity, acceleration, and displacement... should also be negative.

Just be consistent.
 
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