For beginners in programming, particularly in C++ and Visual Basic, Microsoft Visual Studio is the primary software recommended, though it comes with a cost of over $500. Alternatives include free compilers for C++, such as Borland BCC 5, GCC, and DevC++. Learning Visual Basic .NET is suggested over older versions, as it integrates well with the Microsoft .NET framework. While C++ is acknowledged as a challenging language to master, focusing on .NET languages like C# and VB.NET is advised for those looking to work within Microsoft ecosystems. However, for broader career opportunities, learning standard C/C++ or Java is recommended, especially for roles in larger corporations. JavaScript is also highlighted as an accessible starting point, as it runs in web browsers without needing additional software. Overall, starting with simpler languages and gradually progressing to more complex ones is encouraged for new programmers.