LF, MF, HF, VHF, and UHF signals and Walls

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the attenuation of LF, MF, HF, VHF, and UHF signals as they pass through walls. Participants explore how different frequencies interact with various materials and the implications for signal strength, particularly in the context of specific projects like Software Defined Radio (SDR).

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that lower frequencies generally experience less attenuation when passing through walls compared to higher frequencies.
  • Others argue that the degree of attenuation is highly dependent on the construction materials of the walls, suggesting that there is no simple answer to the question of how many walls a signal can penetrate before fading.
  • A participant questions the definition of "fade considerably," indicating that significant attenuation can vary based on material properties and dimensions.
  • It is noted that conductive materials can reflect RF signals, but gaps in construction can allow signals to bypass walls.
  • One participant mentions a specific interest in HF signals for a Software Defined Radio project and inquires about the feasibility of using an indoor antenna.
  • Another participant comments on the capabilities of the KiwiSDR device, suggesting that without an external antenna, the user may encounter noise issues rather than wall attenuation problems.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that lower frequencies are less attenuated by walls, but there is no consensus on the specifics of how many walls different frequencies can penetrate before significant fading occurs. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the exact impact of wall materials and construction on signal propagation.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights limitations in understanding due to the variability of wall materials and the lack of specific definitions for terms like "fade considerably." The responses also depend on the context of specific applications like SDR.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in radio frequency propagation, signal attenuation, and those working on projects involving Software Defined Radio or similar technologies may find this discussion relevant.

Miss Amy
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How many walls does a HF signal has to go through before the signal starts to fade considerably? How about LF, MF, VHF, and UHF signals? From what I've read, lower frequencies go through more walls than higher frequencies before fading out, is that correct? Thanks a lot for reading this!
 
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Miss Amy said:
How many walls does a HF signal has to go through before the signal starts to fade considerably?
Define 'fade considerably'.

Depending on materials and wavelength, the walls, floor and ceiling surfaces may take any combination of transparent, absorptive or reflective. Significant attenuation only occurs with some materials and some dimensions. Doors and windows may block or encourage propagation depending on material, size and wavelength.

A conductive copper sheet will be an excellent mirror at RF. But unless you completely close the box without gaps, the RF surface currents will pass around the boundaries at the edge of the wall.

So the answer to your question depends on why you ask such a general question.
 
Methinks @Miss Amy is asking this because of her SDR project... :smile:
Miss Amy said:
I'm talking about the HF range (30mhz-3mhz) and lower (since that is the range the KiwiSDR has). Unfortunately, I have to have the antenna inside my house and near my computer/internet connection. Would that be okay? Are general internet connestions HF and lower?
 
The KiwiSDR looks good for 10kHz to 30MHz, especially with the 14 bit A-D converter. But without an external antenna, I expect Miss Amy will be making a study of digital and switch-mode power supply noise in the HF band. Walls will not be the problem. Small external antennas are possible for RX.
 
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