The terminology is "linear equation".Mrencko said:
A linear equation is an algebraic equation that represents a straight line on a graph. It contains variables, constants, and coefficients, and follows the form y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
To solve a linear equation, you need to isolate the variable on one side of the equation by using inverse operations. This means you will need to add, subtract, multiply, or divide both sides of the equation by the same number to get the variable by itself. The final solution will be the value of the variable.
The slope of a line is a measure of its steepness. It is calculated by dividing the change in the y-coordinates by the change in the x-coordinates between any two points on the line. It is often represented by the letter m in a linear equation.
The y-intercept is the point where the line crosses the y-axis on a graph. To find the y-intercept, you can substitute 0 for x in the linear equation and solve for y. The resulting value of y will be the y-intercept.
Linear equations are used to represent and solve a variety of problems in real-life situations. They can be used in finance to calculate interest rates, in physics to determine the speed of an object, and in engineering to design structures. They are also commonly used in business and economics to analyze trends and make predictions.