Magnetic fields and currents - question about time delay

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of electromagnetic fields generated by an accelerating electron near a solenoid. It establishes that the induced electromotive force (emf) in the coil is not instantaneous; rather, it propagates at the speed of light in a vacuum, or approximately 0.8 times the speed of light in conductive materials. The conversation references Maxwell's equations to clarify that while the emf induces a current in the coil, the resulting magnetic field also propagates at light speed, confirming that there is a time delay in the interaction between the electron and the solenoid.

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  • Understanding of Lenz's Law
  • Familiarity with Maxwell's Equations
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic induction
  • Basic principles of electromagnetic wave propagation
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  • Study the implications of Lenz's Law in electromagnetic systems
  • Explore Maxwell's Equations in detail, focusing on wave propagation
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Suppose there is a solenoid near an accelerating electron. The electron must create a changing magnetic field. By Lenz's law, an emf is induced in the coil. One question is, how *fast* is the emf induced in the coil?

Is the emf just there instantaneously or does it take time to formulate? And since the emf in the coil creates a current (by the way, how quickly does the current get created?), the coil has produced an equal and opposite magnetic field so now I ask: how *fast* does the resulting magnetic field from the coil spread -- at the speed of light or is the magnetic field instantly existing throughout space without any time delay at all?

If everything happens all at once, it's as if an accelerating electron creates two equal and opposite magnetic fields at the same time, in the stationary frame of reference--is that what is actually happening? If not, something must take some time--what does?
 
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Solutions of Maxwells equations show that the fields propagate at light speed in a vacuum and a bit slower in media. In wires, propagation speeds of 0.8c are reasonable.
 

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