Maximum ionization of free elements

In summary, The maximal ionization of a given element when it is free is +Z, the atomic number. For cation ionization, this is straightforward, but for anion ionization, it is uncertain how many additional electrons can be captured. It could be none, up to the next noble gas, or only filling up subshells with a single electron. More information can be found in the source provided.
  • #1
xortdsc
98
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Hi,

I wondered what is the maximal ionization of a given element when it is free (not bound into a molecule).
I'd assume it is possible to strip off all electrons of a given element (given sufficient ionizing radiation) so the maximal positive charge should be +Z (Z being the atomic number).

While the cation ionization seems straightforward I'm more concerned about the anion ionization. How many additional electrons can be captured by an (isolated) element ? None ? Up to the next noble gas ? Or only filling up subshells which already have a single electron in it ?
Can someone shed light on how that is and why ?

Thanks and cheers.
 
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  • #3

1. What is maximum ionization of free elements?

Maximum ionization of free elements is the point at which all of the electrons of an atom have been removed, resulting in a positively charged ion. This is also known as complete ionization.

2. How does maximum ionization occur?

Maximum ionization occurs when an atom is exposed to high levels of energy, such as heat or radiation, which causes the outermost electrons to be removed from the atom's orbit. This process is known as ionization.

3. What is the significance of maximum ionization?

The degree of ionization of an element is important in understanding its chemical and physical properties. Maximum ionization can also be used in various scientific applications, such as in plasma physics and nuclear reactions.

4. Can all elements reach maximum ionization?

No, not all elements can reach maximum ionization. Elements with a high number of protons, such as those in the later periods of the periodic table, have a stronger hold on their electrons and are more difficult to ionize completely.

5. How is maximum ionization measured?

The degree of ionization of an element is measured using a parameter called the ionization energy, which is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom. The higher the ionization energy, the more difficult it is to achieve maximum ionization.

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