- #1
Kelvin
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I am trying to solve the following problem:
A particle of mass m is constrained to move under gravity with no friction on the surface xy=z. What is the trajectory of the particle if it starts from rest at (x,y,z) = (1,-1,-1) with z-axis vertical?
The lagrangian is
[tex]L=T-V=\frac{1}{2}m\left(\dot{x}+\dot{y}+\dot{z}\right)-mgz[/tex]
the constrain is
[tex]g(x,y,z) = xy-z = 0[/tex]
for the x-component,
[tex]
\newcommand{\pd}[3]{ \frac{ \partial^{#3}{#1} }{ \partial {#2}^{#3} } }
\frac{d}{dt}\pd{L}{\dot{x}}{} - \pd{L}{x}{} + \lambda \pd{g}{x}{} = 0
[/tex]
where [tex]\lambda[/tex] is the lagrange multiplier.
[tex]m \ddot{x}+\lambda y = 0
[/tex]
Similarly,
[tex]m \ddot{y}+\lambda x = 0
[/tex]
for z-component,
[tex]m\ddot{z}+mg-\lambda = 0[/tex]
however, i find the system is very difficult to solve. I define
[tex]\phi = x + y[/tex]
then
[tex]\dot{\phi} = \dot{x} + \dot{y}[/tex]
[tex]\ddot{\phi} = \ddot{x} + \ddot{y}[/tex]
then adding the first 2 equations,
[tex]m\ddot{\phi} + \lambda \phi = 0[/tex]
which is the same as simple harmonic equation. but this is wrong because the answer of the question is [tex]x = - y = \sqrt{-z}[/tex]
so, how can I solve the system of equations? and, is [tex]\lambda[/tex] a constant, of a function of [tex]t[/tex]?
thanks for your help
A particle of mass m is constrained to move under gravity with no friction on the surface xy=z. What is the trajectory of the particle if it starts from rest at (x,y,z) = (1,-1,-1) with z-axis vertical?
The lagrangian is
[tex]L=T-V=\frac{1}{2}m\left(\dot{x}+\dot{y}+\dot{z}\right)-mgz[/tex]
the constrain is
[tex]g(x,y,z) = xy-z = 0[/tex]
for the x-component,
[tex]
\newcommand{\pd}[3]{ \frac{ \partial^{#3}{#1} }{ \partial {#2}^{#3} } }
\frac{d}{dt}\pd{L}{\dot{x}}{} - \pd{L}{x}{} + \lambda \pd{g}{x}{} = 0
[/tex]
where [tex]\lambda[/tex] is the lagrange multiplier.
[tex]m \ddot{x}+\lambda y = 0
[/tex]
Similarly,
[tex]m \ddot{y}+\lambda x = 0
[/tex]
for z-component,
[tex]m\ddot{z}+mg-\lambda = 0[/tex]
however, i find the system is very difficult to solve. I define
[tex]\phi = x + y[/tex]
then
[tex]\dot{\phi} = \dot{x} + \dot{y}[/tex]
[tex]\ddot{\phi} = \ddot{x} + \ddot{y}[/tex]
then adding the first 2 equations,
[tex]m\ddot{\phi} + \lambda \phi = 0[/tex]
which is the same as simple harmonic equation. but this is wrong because the answer of the question is [tex]x = - y = \sqrt{-z}[/tex]
so, how can I solve the system of equations? and, is [tex]\lambda[/tex] a constant, of a function of [tex]t[/tex]?
thanks for your help