Method of undetermined coefficients

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SUMMARY

The method of undetermined coefficients is applied to solve the differential equation 2y'' + y' = cos(2x) + 4x + 1. The first particular solution, yp1, is determined for the cos(2x) term. For the polynomial term 4x + 1, the appropriate guess for the particular integral (PI) is of the form Ax^2 + Bx + C, due to the presence of a root at 0 in the auxiliary equation. This approach ensures that the degree of the polynomial in the guess is one higher than that of the non-homogeneous term.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of differential equations and their solutions
  • Familiarity with the method of undetermined coefficients
  • Knowledge of auxiliary equations and their roots
  • Basic polynomial algebra
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of undetermined coefficients in detail
  • Learn how to derive particular integrals for different types of non-homogeneous terms
  • Explore the implications of roots in auxiliary equations on particular solutions
  • Practice solving various differential equations using the method of undetermined coefficients
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Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those focusing on differential equations, as well as educators teaching the method of undetermined coefficients.

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Hi,

When using the method of undetermined coefficients to solve

2y'' + y' = cos(2x) + 4x + 1

I did it term by term. I figured out the first yp1 for the cos(2x). I'm just not sure what to "guess" as to the form of the yp2 for 4x+1

Does anyone know what to use as the guess?
 
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when you solved the auxilary equation if one root was 0, then for a polynomial, the particular integral would be a degree higher. For example if you solved and 0 was a root of the aux. eq'n. and the right side was ax+b, then the PI would be Ax^2+Bx+C
 
It is easy to know what to guess.
[D^2+2^2]cos(2x)=0
[D^2](4x+1)=0
Guess the solution to lcm{[2D^2+D],[D^2],[D^2+2^2]}=[D^2][2D+1][D^2+2^2]
 

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