At this point, I guess my question to the OP (
@puleknow ) is what are you hoping for?
With respect to the grading scheme there probably isn't that much you can do about it. I understand you don't feel that it's fair, but remember that everyone else in the class is evaluated by the same system. If enough students complain about it *maybe* the professor can be convinced to change it, but that's very rare in my experience. As you progress through university, you're going to encounter different approaches to grading. Some will favour your particular strengths, some will run counter to them. And it's important that you're exposed to a variety of approaches. The real world is often less forgiving of errors than academia is.
With respect to you not being able to remember certain principles while working on problems - if I understand from your subsequent posts, it sounds like you're making a reasonable effort in your studies. If this actually is the case, I'm not sure what you're hoping this professor can do for you. The only way to get good at knowing when to apply certain principles and getting them to a state where they are readily accessible in your memory when working on problems is through study, understanding, and practice. If this isn't working (and practicing even more doesn't help), there isn't a lot a professor can do for you. There's no secret dance* that's going to improve your working memory.
With respect to the professor calling you stupid, or other derogatory behaviour - all people have a right to be treated with respect and dignity. Whether the specific behaviour is "abusive" or not is perhaps subjective and there's no point in trying to convince a bunch of people online that it is precisely as you've labelled it. Your experience is what it is. The problem is how to deal with it.
Unfortunately there may not be a lot of great options. One is to simply put your head down, slog through the course, and try to earn the best grade you can under the circumstances. Not every battle is worth fighting. But if this professor is calling you stupid and not helping you, you may need to find an alternative for figuring out the course material. This is not ideal - particularly for the cost of a university education these days, but it might be the most efficient solution.
Another option is to have an open and frank conversation with the professor about your feelings on the matter. "When you called me stupid, that made me feel belittled, was quite disrespectful, and quite frankly goes against university policy." Such conversations can be very difficult to initiate, particularly when there is a power-gradient involved. And you have to ask whether it's going to solve anything. If this professor agrees to treat you better, is that going to improve your performance in the class or your overall understanding of the material?
Others have pointed out the issues with bringing up this issue with the professor's superiors. That will likely come with consequences.
So in the end, the question comes back to: what are you hoping for at this point?
*For what it's worth, you can try cranking up the
Bengals' Walk Like an Egyptian extend your right arm forward, bend your elbow and wrist at 90 degrees each, extend your left arm backward with the wrist and elbow at 90 degrees each, and pretend you're an integral. The evidence that this helps to solve integration problems however is anecdotal at best. /sarcasm